[Q] Question regarding flashing please - Desire HD Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting

Hi guys,
Please be gentle, I've just come across from the iPhone 4
I have a desire HD which I have rooted and have installed revolution HD ROM. I would like to try LEEDROID'S ROM, my question is how I can simply change ROMS whilst retaining my apps and data?
I am sure there is an easy way around this (only if you know how?)
I am guessing there is a backing up app which you are using?
Your help is much appreciated
Thank you
p.s. Just on this occasion I would like to perform a clean install and retain data/apps on any later rom swaps, can i just go ahead and wipe my sd card?

One of the best .. titanium backup
http://se.androlib.com/android.application.com-keramidas-titaniumbackup-xCzz.aspx

brilliant
that fits the bill perfectly.
can I wipe my sd card then? and then update the ROM? or are there essential files on the sd card?

There is no need to wipe SD card, do not wipe it, Titanium backup stores your data there.

Make backup of your rom first .... Really do it.
If something goes wrong, you can go back.
Do not delete the file "clockworkmod" it's your backup
Make a backup of the entire sd on your computer before you delete

thank you for your help guys
the reason I want to wipe the SD card is due to data stored on there from apps I have installed. As I am doing a clean install, I may not want to re-install the apps.
But I'll take your advise and not wipe the card. I'll just delete any obvious directories that are not needed.
Many thanks guys,

winwiz said:
thank you for your help guys
the reason I want to wipe the SD card is due to data stored on there from apps I have installed. As I am doing a clean install, I may not want to re-install the apps.
But I'll take your advise and not wipe the card. I'll just delete any obvious directories that are not needed.
Many thanks guys,
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Buy a 2nd card, and do the new ROM on that, then you can test ;-)

lol good idea, I need a larger card
this is what I missed about XDA, iPhone forums aren't as helpful

OK I am confused now
I have flashed to LEEDROIDS rom, and all of my data and apps are still present. I have done no backup.
Any ideas how I can flash and delete everything and start over?
Many thanks

winwiz said:
OK I am confused now
I have flashed to LEEDROIDS rom, and all of my data and apps are still present. I have done no backup.
Any ideas how I can flash and delete everything and start over?
Many thanks
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Go into recovery and select wipe/factory reset, then flash
Sent from my LeeDrOiD loaded HTC Desire HD using my thumb....

Wiped before you flashed?

pokerhiih said:
Wiped before you flashed?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Always before and never after... think it was just a straight no wipe on #1 attempt
Sent from my LeeDrOiD loaded HTC Desire HD using my thumb....

LeeDroid said:
Always before and never after... think it was just a straight no wipe on #1 attempt
Sent from my LeeDrOiD loaded HTC Desire HD using my thumb....
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
thanks Lee, I'll do that now
I can't believe what you have done to the ROM
it is BLAZING fast. WOW
my new hero, lol

Thought he did it ........ He did not backup either

Related

Hey Guys...HELP WITH "APP2SD" PLEASE !!!!

Hey whats up guys?
so......Im not really new here guys, But i am new to APP2SD....i partitioned my card for the KINGDOM ROM which turned out to be really cool. Everything went GREAT with the partition, I followed VIRUS direction to the "T".......now i deleted all my old backups because i was told that some files may be corrupt and what not, so i made 2 backups of the B3 ROM from virus.....to try to make a long story short, when i restore one or the other of the backups i have, the APPS that required ROOT, tells me they cant find ROOT>....and believe me...im ROOTED LOL.....im not that lost.....i was even given a command for TE......"app2sd--cachesd"......and the PERMISSION WERE DEINED ACCROSS THE BOARD......now i can get to the titanium backup's =main screen and it shows i have APP2SD= 1.91mb........so im guess the app2sd isnt installing the apps onto my SDcard...im not sure if i have to move every app to my SDcard myself...not sure if that the issues....but to me something sounds wrong....ya know, ive deleted all the apps and re-installed them....i even installed them from amazon...NO GO....so if i RE-Flash, the apps will work...cause i setup my phone with TB.....but its after when i RESTORE my backup, that everything goes screwy...ohh and i am backing up SDtext.....and wiping it if i flash another ROM or restore a differnet backup.......Cant really find any info on anyne having this same problem....This is the first time im actually making my first thread so go easy on me LOL......thanks alots guys...I really appreciate it...
EDIT:.....ohh and all my apps sometimes show up in SU and they are allowed.....and SU is updated
JON
I'm not sure I quite follow you, but, if you have the time, try this: after you've gotten your rom setup how you like it, reboot into recovery. Hopefully, you're using amon RA v2.3 as your recovery. If so, go to the wipe menu and wipe the cache & dalvik. After that, go to the backup/restore menu and, in addition to what is already selected to be backed up, select sdext and .android.secure. now create the backup and afterwards, reboot. Now to test it out, for back into recovery, wipe EVERYTHING in the wipe menu EXCEPT the SD card and then go to the backup/restore menu and restore the backup you just made. If using amon RA, the name of the backup *should* have a BSDEA beginning or something to that extent. Afterwards, reboot. Your system *should* restore back to the way it was without any problems.
posting & replying via the XDA Premium app.
dougjamal said:
I'm not sure I quite follow you, but, if you have the time, try this: after you've gotten your rom setup how you like it, reboot into recovery. Hopefully, you're using amon RA v2.3 as your recovery. If so, go to the wipe menu and wipe the cache & dalvik. After that, go to the backup/restore menu and, in addition to what is already selected to be backed up, select sdext and .android.secure. now create the backup and afterwards, reboot. Now to test it out, for back into recovery, wipe EVERYTHING in the wipe menu EXCEPT the SD card and then go to the backup/restore menu and restore the backup you just made. If using amon RA, the name of the backup *should* have a BSDEA beginning or something to that extent. Afterwards, reboot. Your system *should* restore back to the way it was without any problems.
posting & replying via the XDA Premium app.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
well thats something new.....hey thanks for the reply.......so i gotta run out the door for a few mins, but when i get back imma reflash B3 and try it....ohh and of course im on AMON..LOL....its wierd cause this never happened before....im usually pretty god with troubleshooting but this APP2SD is totally outta my realm.......but i will DEF give it a shot........thanks alot guy.....much appreciated
EDIT......so basically when i restore my backups after i set everything up with TB......all the apps that required root liek root explorer, TB, screenshot, ect cant wont grant me access cause it cant find ROOT on my phone.....real wierd.....
reverepats said:
well thats something new.....hey thanks for the reply.......so i gotta run out the door for a few mins, but when i get back imma reflash B3 and try it....ohh and of course im on AMON..LOL....its wierd cause this never happened before....im usually pretty god with troubleshooting but this APP2SD is totally outta my realm.......but i will DEF give it a shot........thanks alot guy.....much appreciated
EDIT......so basically when i restore my backups after i set everything up with TB......all the apps that required root liek root explorer, TB, screenshot, ect cant wont grant me access cause it cant find ROOT on my phone.....real wierd.....
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You're welcome. Let us know how it goes at your convenience.
posting & replying via the XDA Premium app.
dougjamal said:
You're welcome. Let us know how it goes at your convenience.
posting & replying via the XDA Premium app.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
oh yea definately......im re-flashing as we speak......imma try and do all this while im dribing my daughter to her friends house LOL....that may be a lilttle hard, but no biggy HEHE.....ill ckeck back in a few......thanks again!!!!
dougjamal said:
You're welcome. Let us know how it goes at your convenience.
posting & replying via the XDA Premium app.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
but one more before i go.....because i partitioned for ROMs that take app2sd......does that have to be activated after u flash the ROM?.....i know that may sound stupid, cause the SD acts as internal emmory
Yes, it does, but my focus is on making sure you can restore your nandroid backups without a hitch.
posting & replying via the XDA Premium app.
reverepats said:
but one more before i go.....because i partitioned for ROMs that take app2sd......does that have to be activated after u flash the ROM?.....i know that may sound stupid, cause the SD acts as internal emmory
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
It will be automatically activated if whichever Rom you are flashing had it cooked into it
If it's not cooked into the ROM, then it must be activated ( by flashing the script via recovery, i think....) Sorry, in kinda new to aa2sd too
Vinchenzop said:
It will be automatically activated if whichever Rom you are flashing had it cooked into it
If it's not cooked into the ROM, then it must be activated ( by flashing the script via recovery, i think....) Sorry, in kinda new to aa2sd too
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
nah thats good to know...thanks alot man
dougjamal said:
Yes, it does, but my focus is on making sure you can restore your nandroid backups without a hitch.
posting & replying via the XDA Premium app.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
well whata ya know...LOL......IT WORKED>....all my apps open wiht no problem now.....but all i did different here was wipe dalvik before i backed up....and select android secure along with SDtext.......cause all i usually select is SDtext........now the way i have been wiping could be the cause of it......i always use CAULKIN's format all....so i've benn suing that and just WIPING SDtext manually, and then restoring the backup.....that may have caused the problem as well.......well all i know is, what u told me worked.....and thats how i'll do it for now on as long as my SD is partioned.......thanks alot man....couldnt thank you enough......
Quick question here... What apps2sd app are you guys using? And how do I make it go to my partition in my sd card to act as internal memory as opposed to just the normal sd card?
reverepats said:
well whata ya know...LOL......IT WORKED>....all my apps open wiht no problem now.....but all i did different here was wipe dalvik before i backed up....and select android secure along with SDtext.......cause all i usually select is SDtext........now the way i have been wiping could be the cause of it......i always use CAULKIN's format all....so i've benn suing that and just WIPING SDtext manually, and then restoring the backup.....that may have caused the problem as well.......well all i know is, what u told me worked.....and thats how i'll do it for now on as long as my SD is partioned.......thanks alot man....couldnt thank you enough......
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You're very welcome. As for calkulin's format-all zip, I no longer use it because before flashing a rom, I wipe EVERYTHING in amon RA's (v2.3) wipe menu, EXCEPT the SD card, and I only have to do it once and I've never have a problem. Anyway, I'm glad you were able to get it taken care of. Take care and enjoy Mom's special day....
posting & replying via the XDA Premium app.
DacMaddy said:
Quick question here... What apps2sd app are you guys using? And how do I make it go to my partition in my sd card to act as internal memory as opposed to just the normal sd card?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Personally, I don't use it, however, the app at the below link gets great reviews.
https://market.android.com/search?q=link2sd&so=1&c=apps
posting & replying via the XDA Premium app.
dougjamal said:
You're very welcome. As for calkulin's format-all zip, I no longer use it because before flashing a rom, I wipe EVERYTHING in amon RA's (v2.3) wipe menu and I only have to do it once and I've never have a problem. Anyway, I'm glad you were able to get it taken care of. Take care and enjoy Mom's special day....
posting & replying via the XDA Premium app.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yeah see I bet the issue was from the format all.......yeah u also enjoy the day.....and thanks again
Sent from my PC36100 using XDA Premium App

[Q] A Quick Question - hboot

Hi,
I don't know if this is a stupid question, but ill ask it anyway.
I just reflashed my desire hboot with alphaspl-cm7r2, and I didn't wipe all and restore from nandroid and didn't reflash the rom either.
My phone restarted and everything works as normal. I now even have 159MB available in the internal storage. All apps, everything is just rosy, no problems.
Is this fine? Because I read that you have to restore or reflash the rom. Will there be any problems later?
Regards,
Mihir
mihir_rego said:
Hi,
I don't know if this is a stupid question, but ill ask it anyway.
I just reflashed my desire hboot with alphaspl-cm7r2, and I didn't wipe all and restore from nandroid and didn't reflash the rom either.
My phone restarted and everything works as normal. I now even have 159MB available in the internal storage. All apps, everything is just rosy, no problems.
Is this fine? Because I read that you have to restore or reflash the rom. Will there be any problems later?
Regards,
Mihir
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
What ROM are you using? I think to be safe you should wipe and restore from nandroid.
Sent from my HTC Original Desire using Tapatalk
itachi1706 said:
What ROM are you using? I think to be safe you should wipe and restore from nandroid.
Sent from my HTC Original Desire using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I am using CM7.1 stable
If it works it works, but you shouldve nandroid restored once flashing the hboot really.
I guess I should have wiped-all and restored after hboot flash.
I'll leave it as-is for now, hopefully nothing should happen.
Was just wondering if any one else went ahead without restore and had problems.
Thanks guys for the replies
Please use the Q&A Forum for questions Thanks
Moving to Q&A

[Q] Nooby Questions about Flashing/Rooting/ROMs.

So, I guess I'll begin by saying I'm new to Android. I feel so dumb saying that, but that should clear thing up a bit, as I have no clue about what "flashing" is, or "modems," and Lord help me, because "Odin" sounds like a really funny name.
So, I do have some precedents with iOS, and I know how to work with that, but I am a total noob with Android.
So now on to the Questions, there will be a few.
1) How to Root Epic 4G Touch- How safe is it? I do know I get things like Clockwork Mod, which I believe is for loading things.
2) Installing Custom ROMs- How do I "flash" these ROMs, and what exactly is flashing? I have been looking at certain ROMs, and I guess it is down to Starburst and Caulkin's.
3) Does Rooting/Installing erase the things on my phone?- I currently have my phone loaded with things, will rooting/installing ROMs delete this? How can I create backups?
4)LoS- I heard LoS happens more often on rooted phones. Is this true?
5) Kernels- What in the same hell is this?- Any best one of these out there? What do they do?
6) Tutorials for any of these?
Oh, and I'd like to say that I'm stock, running modem( can someone tell me what this is again?) EG30. Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Thanks guys. I'll update the thread if I have any new questions. xD
1) watch and follow http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kExN-Y2pfxA
so far its kinds controversial wether its safe or not but i think it is
2)first turn off your phone second hold power and vol up and it will turn on into clockwork mode then wipe data/factory reset from menu then wipe cache from menu. choose install zip from menu then click choose from sd. then find it and click and install.
3) rooting and unrooting won't wipe data but installing roms will
4) its been shown on both rooted and unrooted phones so we really don't know.
5)DONT PLAY WITH THESE unless you know what your doing
i think they are the #1 reasons for soft bricking phones.
i don't exactly know how to explain it but they affect how your phone does what it does
whether it over clocking of voodoo color
6) http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1268548
gtuansdiamm said:
1) watch and follow http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kExN-Y2pfxA
so far its kinds controversial wether its safe or not but i think it is
2)first turn off your phone second hold power and vol up and it will turn on into clockwork mode then wipe data/factory reset from menu then wipe cache from menu. choose install zip from menu then click choose from sd. then find it and click and install.
3) rooting and unrooting won't wipe data but installing roms will
4) its been shown on both rooted and unrooted phones so we really don't know.
5)DONT PLAY WITH THESE unless you know what your doing
i think they are the #1 reasons for soft bricking phones.
i don't exactly know who to explain it but they affect how your phone does what it does
whether it over clocking of voodoo color
6) http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1268548
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks man, just one more question, have you rooted? I want to know from people whose phones are successfully rooted, as I don't know much about Android, and I would probably kill myself if I ****ed up such a beautiful piece of machinery.
yup im rooted and i got to say i like my phone being rooted
there are less restrictions placed and since i have had android for while now and my last phone was rooted i coulnt stand being not rooted
also i used to have los daily once or twice but it was drastically reduced after doing this : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5VDxEnO1tow for me
you can also try out the one click root option that located in the top of the dev section it works great and you dont have to us ODIN to root you phone. Just remember to read read and read you will find all your answers that way
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1342728
ewalk4866 said:
you can also try out the one click root option that located in the top of the dev section it works great and you dont have to us ODIN to root you phone. Just remember to read read and read you will find all your answers that way
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1342728
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Will this let me flash Starburst ROM?
Oh, and one more thing, this doesn't mess with phone activation, etc. Right? Or would I have to re-activate the phone or something once I flash a ROM/root?
F3L1XZS said:
Will this let me flash Starburst ROM?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yes it will let you install any rom that you want as long as you also insstall clockwork mod (CWM5) it also in the instructions on how to root.
No this will not mess up your activation just start flashing roms till you find one you like. please just remember to do a backup inside cwm once you are rooted you will see an option there for it. This will let you go right back to how your phones is right now.
Thank you so much! Also, last nooby question, I promise, I heard something about a Binary counter with Odin, will flashing roms/rooting with that one click root increase it? Also, what happens when it does increase?
Thanks.
Sent from my SPH-D710 using XDA App
I have another question. I'm currently rooted with EG30 but have not installed any roms. When it says to do a wipe does this also wipe the data from my internal and external sd cards?
Sent from my SPH-D710 using Tapatalk
ashevillemike said:
I have another question. I'm currently rooted with EG30 but have not installed any roms. When it says to do a wipe does this also wipe the data from my internal and external sd cards?
Sent from my SPH-D710 using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
No it will not wipe any sd card data
Sent from my SPH-D710 using xda premium
F3L1XZS said:
Thank you so much! Also, last nooby question, I promise, I heard something about a Binary counter with Odin, will flashing roms/rooting with that one click root increase it? Also, what happens when it does increase?
Thanks.
Sent from my SPH-D710 using XDA App
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yes once you flash cwm you will have a binary count but if you go on eBay and search for USB jig it will reset the binary count for you
Sent from my SPH-D710 using xda premium
ashevillemike said:
I have another question. I'm currently rooted with EG30 but have not installed any roms. When it says to do a wipe does this also wipe the data from my internal and external sd cards?
Sent from my SPH-D710 using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Assuming you are using ClockWorkMod, wiping data and cache will not affect the information on your external SD card. If you select "advanced" from the CWM main menu, it will provide an option for partitioning the SD card. I haven't messed with that item, but I'm guessing it could wipe data from the external SD card.
I use the ClockWorkMod backup/recovery and it works great. I also use Titanium Backup. It will allow you to backup all of your applications and files and then restore after you've wiped everything and installed a new ROM. Titanium also requires rooting.
I started out using the Odin ROM and has some issues, so I reloaded the stock ROM and then flashed the Starburst ROM with LoST kernal. I'm having great success...great battery life and all is well.
No when you wipe data its on the phone but not pictures on the SD card. Its easy once you get going.
Email me if needed I can walk u thru.
txbatman90 said:
Assuming you are using ClockWorkMod, wiping data and cache will not affect the information on your external SD card. If you select "advanced" from the CWM main menu, it will provide an option for partitioning the SD card. I haven't messed with that item, but I'm guessing it could wipe data from the external SD card.
I use the ClockWorkMod backup/recovery and it works great. I also use Titanium Backup. It will allow you to backup all of your applications and files and then restore after you've wiped everything and installed a new ROM. Titanium also requires rooting.
I started out using the Odin ROM and has some issues, so I reloaded the stock ROM and then flashed the Starburst ROM with LoST kernal. I'm having great success...great battery life and all is well.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Why don't I have an advanced option in CWM? ROM manager says that I have the latest version (5. 0.2.7)
I tried to flash the EK02 zip and got an invalid signature file error in cwm and the installation was aborted. I did wipe data and cache beforehand. Can anyone tell me why this happened?
Thanks,
Mike
Sent from my SPH-D710 using Tapatalk

[q] ics roms won't load past startup

Hello all,
I can't get my evo to load past startup with any Ice cream sandwich rom. I backed it up so I'm good but I want to know why it won't load them. I cleared all the cache and such so what am I missing. I appreciate any help
Kuchek said:
Hello all,
I can't get my evo to load past startup with any Ice cream sandwich rom. I backed it up so I'm good but I want to know why it won't load them. I cleared all the cache and such so what am I missing. I appreciate any help
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Which one are you trying to install? Are you flashing anything extra with it?
klharalson said:
Which one are you trying to install? Are you flashing anything extra with it?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
No. I've tried four different ones and I have to load the nandroid i made on all of them to restore it. When I try to install amon instead of supersonic it says current version is newer. I dont know exactly what I have to do but this is the first time I haven't been able to get it. Argh. Whatcha thinkin?
Is your Secure Digital Card partitioned? Keep in mind that some of the ICS Roms for the OG have A2SD baked in and if you're not partitioned it may cause for you not to get past the startup. Try this one from MazdaRider and be sure to wipe everything EXCEPT for your SD card and see if it works for you. Now if you do have your SD card partitioned wipe EVERYTHING DOWN and once again with the exception of your SD card and reflash your ICS Rom.
What exactly is ur flashing process?
Sent from my PC36100 using Tapatalk 2
just flashed this http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1481091
!st ICS I've tried and it's working great
CRIME INC. said:
What exactly is ur flashing process?
Sent from my PC36100 using Tapatalk 2
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Put on root of sd, boot into recovery, wipe cache, wipe dalvich, install zip from sd.
Kuchek said:
Put on root of sd, boot into recovery, wipe cache, wipe dalvich, install zip from sd.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
U have to wipe more than just ur caches. What recovery are u using?
Sent from my PC36100 using Tapatalk 2
moreno4xl said:
Is your Secure Digital Card partitioned? Keep in mind that some of the ICS Roms for the OG have A2SD baked in and if you're not partitioned it may cause for you not to get past the startup. Try this one from MazdaRider and be sure to wipe everything EXCEPT for your SD card and see if it works for you. Now if you do have your SD card partitioned wipe EVERYTHING DOWN and once again with the exception of your SD card and reflash your ICS Rom.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I simply love you. No homo

how to fully wipe s3 clean

I jus recentlt rooted my phone and flashed recovery mod and then flashed cm10 and it was working fine and still works fine...
the problem is that in recovery I wiped data and cache and dlvick or whatever its called.I followed the instructions to a t and it all worked fine..but when I went into my sd card info and it says I have 11.95gb and only 2.30gb available. ..I have 7.94gb in miscellaneous files...so I tried wiping again in recovery and flashed my original backup rom and everything works fine except for my big gb games like gta3 etc..so its like it wiped it all or moved it over somehow..how can I fix this? please and thanks!
Sent from my SGH-I747M using xda app-developers app
Get disk usage from the market. It will show you the files using all your storage. It's probably your old CWM backups. You can delete your unused backups through CWM.
Sent from my SGH-I747 using xda premium
d3athsd00r said:
Get disk usage from the market. It will show you the files using all your storage. It's probably your old CWM backups. You can delete your unused backups through CWM.
Sent from my SGH-I747 using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Well i dont want to delete my backup from my phone and i only have 1 backup, im just looking to use the new flash i did lastnite and be able to start with a fresh internal SD i want to wipe it all off, well just the apps and such, not the essential stuff the phone needs to run. so how can i safly do this? im rooted, i flashed to cm10 and then i cleaned and went back to my original rom and looking to clean up whats on the phone to go back and flash my cm10
thanks again!!! dont be too harsh i am a noob to all this :
dorian345 said:
Well i dont want to delete my backup from my phone and i only have 1 backup, im just looking to use the new flash i did lastnite and be able to start with a fresh internal SD i want to wipe it all off, well just the apps and such, not the essential stuff the phone needs to run. so how can i safly do this? im rooted, i flashed to cm10 and then i cleaned and went back to my original rom and looking to clean up whats on the phone to go back and flash my cm10
thanks again!!! dont be too harsh i am a noob to all this :
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Best bet would to just plug your phone into your pc and see what is taking up so much space. if is misc data, i could see it being zip files and what not.
Or it could be if you flashed 4.2. 4.2 has this profile thing that is only for tablets but they just disabled the function for mobile phones. look through your directories to see if there is anything under sdcard/0/. if there is, make sure you take all the data you want/need out of the /0 directory and put it back under your sdcard and then just delete the /0 directory. Hope it helps.
Or just use the disk usage app I suggested and you completely ignored. It will list your biggest culprits.
Sent from my SGH-I747 using xda premium

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