hard bricked my GN :( - Samsung Galaxy Nexus

All mode cannot access(download ,fastmode or recovery mode).Pop up "bricked screen".Is anything else same as galaxy S using 301K resistor to activate phone to download mode??

How did you manage to do that?

flash ****ing http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1426207 rom unsuccessfully under download MODE.my phone phone is GSM

Oh god.
I've not tried it on this device, but on SGS devices, we would take the battery out, hold down volume, and then plug in usb...
It would get us into Download/Odin Mode every time.

kachung30 said:
flash ****ing http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1426207 rom unsuccessfully under download MODE.my phone phone is GSM
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
you do know that the thing you flashed is in the "CDMA" forums? hence, the thing in RED
*** WARNINGS AND NOTICES ***
** Flashing this will wipe ALL userdata and your sdcard partition!! Make a BACKUP AND COPY IT OFF OF YOUR PHONE!!!
** It will bring your device back to stock running Android 4.0.2 Build ICL53F with EK05 CDMA and EK02 LTE radios.
** It WILL NOT relock the boot loader. You must relock your bootloader after flashing this ODIN to be 100% factory
Click to expand...
Click to collapse

yeap, as since this is using odin, most likely different pit file as different internal storage size among other things.
plus wrong radio doesn't sound all that great either.

kachung30 said:
flash ****ing http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1426207 rom unsuccessfully under download MODE.my phone phone is GSM
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
you realize its mistakes like yours Google has to remove our phone from official AOSP support.
Sent from my Xoom using xda premium

Rem3Dy said:
you realize its mistakes like yours Google has to remove our phone from official AOSP support.
Sent from my Xoom using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Dude don't make up garbage like that.

You should not unlock a bootloader ever again.
This is amateur amateur idiot mistake.

I think I may need to bump my thread this weekend...
Sent from my Galaxy Nexus using xda premium

Related

[Q] Bricked VZW Nexus

No recovery, no fastboot no clue what software its running(my buddie bricked it) most likely 4.1 he flashed something in the "phone" option of ODIN. I know bad idea, i seem to still be able to get into Download mode(a phone on one side with some dots in the middle and a computer on the other see attached pic) and odin recognize's it, i found the stock 4.1 build on rootzwiki with the pit and it fail's after flashing the radio, I cant seem to find an OMAP guide for the VZW Nexus. i found this
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1934738&highlight=omapp
but it say's tuna??? not TORO. help me out as im not too familiar with this phone
Tuna is the right one
Sent from my Galaxy Nexus using xda premium
Esteway.619 said:
Tuna is the right one
Sent from my Galaxy Nexus using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Awesome!!! thank you sooo much!!
ok, thats not working. And from what ive read, that's not even download mode, although ODIN recognize's it, and computer recognize's it as OMAP with the battery out. has anyone found a fix for this?
Does this help
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1925468&highlight=bricked
namtombout said:
Does this help
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1925468&highlight=bricked
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
unfortunately no, I tried that quite a few times, got the script to run, but still can't get into download or fastboot, and adb wont recognize either way.
You need to flash using odin i believe..........
Mach3.2 said:
You need to flash using odin i believe..........
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Fails after flashing the radio, I've tried numerous different guides for restoring with Odin even after the omap flash, Odin picks it up and will let me flash.. But from everything I've read, that isn't download mode, and it won't work
Sent from my SCH-I535 using xda app-developers app

[Q] Update bootloader?

Device: AT&T Galaxy S3
Rom:[ROM] AOKP(Jellybean 4.2.2 )Task650 (5.14.2013) (AT&T)
I wanted to update to the devs newest release but i need to update my bootloader in order to do so and ive never done that so if you have any advice or something i can read up on that would be awesome
I "I made some ODIN-flashable files that contain the bootloader, RPM, TZ, and baseband of the stated versions , so that people won't have to go completely back to stock TW. It's intended for those not on the necessary bootloaders yet so that they can flash future CM builds. Put them into the PDA section in Odin and flash away.
I747UCDLK3 (AT&T): http://d-h.st/L64
http://www.mediafire.com/?pu279m19ob7ufru
I747MVLDLK4 (Canadian): http://d-h.st/yqV
http://www.mediafire.com/?74b1e321p537f5d
Note: They're untested, but should work as intended. Tested by fellow users, works fine. Please flash at your own risk!
EDIT: Threw up Mediafire mirrors, since d-h.st seems to be down randomly."
Credit goes to another user who made this. It was posted on the cyanogenmod i747 thread.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1778270
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I747 using Tapatalk 4 Beta
it's pretty simple and harmless. took me less than a minute. Domoo has linked you to Jiangyi's post on this topic, which includes his downloads and instructions. cheers
well that was easy thanks for the help guys!
Flashing a bootloader is not harmless. It is one of the few things that can hard brick this device.
mrhaley30705 said:
Flashing a bootloader is not harmless. It is one of the few things that can hard brick this device.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
i guess i'm wondering why this comment was necessary considering this threads circumstances and the correct information being posted. bootloaders dont kill people. people kill people...
xBeerdroiDx said:
i guess i'm wondering why this comment was necessary considering this threads circumstances and the correct information being posted. bootloaders dont kill people. people kill people...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Because it was a good warning. Flashing a ROM should not be taken lightly and flashing a bootloader should be done with alot of care as it can brick your device to the point of needed a JTAG to fix.
zelendel said:
Because it was a good warning. Flashing a ROM should not be taken lightly and flashing a bootloader should be done with alot of care as it can brick your device to the point of needed a JTAG to fix.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
yes, bootloaders are very serious business. just because this bootloader flashed without error does not mean that the operation is not serious. take note, OP.
zelendel, everything in context.
cheers
I have to go into download mode when I go to update the bootloader right?
Sent from my SGH-I747 using XDA Premium HD app
I haven't messed with boot loaders in a long time....my baseband version is already ucdlk3...that's the modem does that mean I would need an update?
Sent from my SGH-I747 using xda premium
Stankydanky702 said:
I have to go into download mode when I go to update the bootloader right? please take the time to read up on this procedure and understand what you're doing. best of luck.
Sent from my SGH-I747 using XDA Premium HD app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
yes sir. you have to be in download mode to flash anything via odin.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=41535366&postcount=26684
thegodsquirrel said:
I haven't messed with boot loaders in a long time....my baseband version is already ucdlk3...that's the modem does that mean I would need an update?
Sent from my SGH-I747 using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
As long as your bootloader ends in a dlk3 then you have the most recent one.
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I747 using Tapatalk 4 Beta
Yes you go into download mode
Sent from my SGH-I747 using xda app-developers app
You can check your bootloader version by opening a terminal and typing:
Code:
su
getprop ro.bootloader
I747UCDLK3. Most current. Got it from At&t recently...I am surprised that they did the update. I didn't let the phone OTA either. Honestly, though I didn't look, flashed it out of the box.
thegodsquirrel said:
I747UCDLK3. Most current. Got it from At&t recently...I am surprised that they did the update. I didn't let the phone OTA either. Honestly, though I didn't look, flashed it out of the box.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I'm on Rogers, with bootloader I747MVLALH1, haven't flashed anything since mid April. Should I use ODIN to flash the I747MVLDLK4 bootloader? I was planning on updating to a newer CM10.1 nightly and just saw that I needed a new bootloader to do it properly.
ily112 said:
I'm on Rogers, with bootloader I747MVLALH1, haven't flashed anything since mid April. Should I use ODIN to flash the I747MVLDLK4 bootloader? I was planning on updating to a newer CM10.1 nightly and just saw that I needed a new bootloader to do it properly.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You need the new bootloader for the newer nightlies to work.
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I747 using Tapatalk 4 Beta
The I747MVLDLK4 bootloader correct? And once I flash that bootloader, will it still work even with my 04/13 Nightly that I have currently running? Wouldn't want flash the bootloader and not have the phone boot so I couldn't flash the newer Nightlies. Thanks for the help btw, really appreciate it!
ily112 said:
The I747MVLDLK4 bootloader correct? And once I flash that bootloader, will it still work even with my 04/13 Nightly that I have currently running? Wouldn't want flash the bootloader and not have the phone boot so I couldn't flash the newer Nightlies. Thanks for the help btw, really appreciate it!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
bootloader thread: http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=41503727&postcount=13716
tasks post:
@ Everyone
I don't have time to screw around. I just tested this and it works fine. I just would've rather bricked my device rather than yours. That's why I like to test all links for these types of things before I promote them off to you guys..
1.) Go here (above posted thread link)
2.) Put phone into download mode and then open Odin.
3.) Choose the PDA slot and then select the correct file for your device (AT&T is LK3)
4.) Hit start and wait until its finished.
5.) Done
5.) Remind me that I shouldn't be trying to do this from my phone. All it does it piss me off.
[deleted]

SCH S960L debrick img pretty please? Will pay!

Been sitting on this Tracfone GSIII for 3 weeks doesn't turn on aka hard bricked. Realy really REALLY need a system dump or at least the .img to load to my SD so I can bring it back to life.
$10 to the PayPal of whoever can get it as it seems to be a growing trend among Tracfone users who tried to flash Sprint rom and got a brick same as me. No BS will pay!
Please?!
am i guessing that nobody either can do it, has it, will do it, or wants $10? how about if i personally deliver cookies to your door?
please?
FYI a system dump won't help you debrick.
CNexus said:
FYI a system dump won't help you debrick.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
OK well what is the file from the SD unbrick thread that forces the phone to boot from the SD to the bootloader? Where can I get it? How is it ripped etc etc. My boss said he would get another one so I can fix THIS one but I don't know what file is required or where it is located on the device. It would be much appreciated if someone could tut out how the original file was pulled so we can at least TRY this on similar devices.
I tried with the file in the thread but im assuming since it is only a brother device the phone isnt gonna recognize the partitioned sd, even though the sticker says L710 under the model number S960l. Also its been claimed that flashing a stock Sprint rom from TWRP is viable, but instead it bricked me
Here in the post is the line you need to run to get emmc image you need http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=44531604
Sent from the future via Tapatalk 4
I would greatly appreciate if someone could provide the files needed for this phone as well
sorry i started a post thought id found it but it was for the sprint version
Bump? :'c
ErickRoman said:
Bump? :'c
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
bump indeed still no word myself on this
dragonhart6505 said:
bump indeed still no word myself on this
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Download:
Bootloader Restore tar
Unbrick
Do the emmc boot stuff, boot into download mode and use odin to flash the bootloader restore tar, that will let you boot into recovery to flash whatever rom you want etc.
thanks to bilyan for dumping the images for me
shabbypenguin said:
Download:
Bootloader Restore tar
Unbrick
Do the emmc boot stuff, boot into download mode and use odin to flash the bootloader restore tar, that will let you boot into recovery to flash whatever rom you want etc.
thanks to bilyan for dumping the images for me
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Downloading now. Hope this works! *fingers triple crossed*
shabbypenguin said:
Download:
Bootloader Restore tar
Unbrick
Do the emmc boot stuff, boot into download mode and use odin to flash the bootloader restore tar, that will let you boot into recovery to flash whatever rom you want etc.
thanks to bilyan for dumping the images for me
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
IT'S ALIVE!!!!!!! I dont have it yet, but as soon as I do the promised deposit is yours! Worked first time, no issues whatsoever.
Funnily enough, for the s&g's I decided to factory wipe from the recovery (which surprisingly booted as well) and the stock LJ7 Sprint rom that initially bricked it booted like a champ only thing was no sound, so which rom will work for this beast?
Also, mind if YouTube a tut for this?
glad you are all set, sprint roms work fine on this device, just not the bootchain which you flashed.
grab clockworkmod or twrp recovery for the sprint s3 and flash the latest cm nightly and you should be all set. except apn's but im gunna guess you dont have those so youll want to contact someone else who has this phone and try to get them. ive doen all i can for this device in that i helped get cm patched to work for yall, and unbrick stuff for yall.
Is there any SCH-R530C debrick image available ? My Cricket S3 has been in a coma for almost 6 months
robbiejobs said:
Is there any SCH-R530C debrick image available ? My Cricket S3 has been in a coma for almost 6 months
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
pretty sure there is odin images on cricketusers. unless you have an issue where you cnat get to download mode, if thats the case ill need someone who has a r530c to dump the files for me.
shabbypenguin said:
pretty sure there is odin images on cricketusers. unless you have an issue where you cnat get to download mode, if thats the case ill need someone who has a r530c to dump the files for me.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Can't get Odin to flash the bootloader repair you provided. Phone keeps giving Unsupport dev_type. Also no sound or imei or service though I'm trying with Slimbean not CM
Sent from my N800 using XDA Premium 4 mobile app
dragonhart6505 said:
Can't get Odin to flash the bootloader repair you provided. Phone keeps giving Unsupport dev_type. Also no sound or imei or service though I'm trying with Slimbean not CM
Sent from my N800 using XDA Premium 4 mobile app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
how are you trying to flash it?
shabbypenguin said:
pretty sure there is odin images on cricketusers. unless you have an issue where you cnat get to download mode, if thats the case ill need someone who has a r530c to dump the files for me.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yes, I can't go to download mode. Just a blank screen & QHSUSB_DLOAD
I tried using debrick image from R530U, R530M ( the one you provided at androidforums ). Still no luck
robbiejobs said:
Yes, I can't go to download mode. Just a blank screen & QHSUSB_DLOAD
I tried using debrick image from R530U, R530M ( the one you provided at androidforums ). Still no luck
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
no i imagine not, you are supposed to use one for your device.
shabbypenguin said:
no i imagine not, you are supposed to use one for your device.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Odin 3.07 on Windows 7
Sent from my N800 using XDA Premium 4 mobile app

[Q] Huge Mistake!

I hope i didnt just turn my phone into a paper weight.
I was following through doing everying in order to root my phone and didnt realize one thing until it was too late.
when the phone restarted a "verizon 4glte" screen splashed on the phone and it stuck that way. The problem is my phone is from sprint. Is there any way I can get it back to normal? I really have no idea how I missed that.
I think i downloaded the correct tar file or whatever file i need for the stock sprint setup, but i keep getting an error when installing it through odin.
how can i go back to my stock SPRINT rom without having to wipe everything?
pleeeaaaase help. much appreciated.
Download twrp odin file to get that recovery then download any rom zip and flash
Sent from my SPH-L900 using XDA Premium 4 mobile app
Thankfully there's a fix. You'll need to bypass the activation screen to enable usb debugging quickly before the nag screen appears. When the nag screen appears you'll need to reset the device and start over (after the nag screen is shown once it'll come back quicker next times). Once usb debugging is enabled you need to unlock the bootloader and then you'll be able to flash the L900 firmware. This method may be a bit dated as I used it on 4.1.2 (on an R950 but the L900 will be the same.)
Sent from my SPH-L900 using xda app-developers app
i dropped the phone off at a cell phone shop to get it fixed and they couldnt figure it out.
i did a little digging and found this out. the file i installed to mess up the phone was this:
root66_VZW_stock_system.tar
so my phone is running a rooted verizon os, i didnt know that.
if it helps, it says im running build number i605vraljb and android version 4.1.1
so i have super user access and debugging is enabled, now what?
so i'm guessing bootloader is already unlocked?
honestly, anyone that gives me info that actually gets my phone working will not only get a thanks but $50 through paypal. im dead serious.
Derf9280 said:
i dropped the phone off at a cell phone shop to get it fixed and they couldnt figure it out.
i did a little digging and found this out. the file i installed to mess up the phone was this:
root66_VZW_stock_system.tar
so my phone is running a rooted verizon os, i didnt know that.
if it helps, it says im running build number i605vraljb and android version 4.1.1
so i have super user access and debugging is enabled, now what?
so i'm guessing bootloader is already unlocked?
honestly, anyone that gives me info that actually gets my phone working will not only get a thanks but $50 through paypal. im dead serious.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Power down your phone. Hold power home and vol down at the same time to get to download mode. Using Odin on PC flash the file found her http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2591898. That's up to date stock for your phone. If you still want root Google "kingo root" and use that to root
Sent from my SPH-L900 using Tapatalk
EVER ONE RE READ THE OP. HE CANNOT JUST ODIN BACK TO A SPRINT ROM. THE BOOTLOADER IS A VZW ONE AND ITS LOCKED.
Now that's out the way...read up on Adam Outlers CASUAL bootloader unlock for the VZW note 2. Follow his process and after your bootloader is unlocked you'll be able to flash the appropriate L900 tarball.
Sent from my SPH-L900. Please hit the thanks button if I helped you out!
ecs87 said:
EVER ONE RE READ THE OP. HE CANNOT JUST ODIN BACK TO A SPRINT ROM. THE BOOTLOADER IS A VZW ONE AND ITS LOCKED.
Now that's out the way...read up on Adam Outlers CASUAL bootloader unlock for the VZW note 2. Follow his process and after your bootloader is unlocked you'll be able to flash the appropriate L900 tarball.
Sent from my SPH-L900. Please hit the thanks button if I helped you out!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Why would a stock rooted rom relock the bootloader
Sent from my SPH-L900 using Tapatalk
DisposableHero1985 said:
Why would a stock rooted rom relock the bootloader
Sent from my SPH-L900 using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Because you did more than install a rom. You installed bootloader, radio, firmware, and rom from Verizon.
Sent from my SPH-L900 using XDA Premium 4 mobile app
jlmancuso said:
Because you did more than install a rom. You installed bootloader, radio, firmware, and rom from Verizon.
Sent from my SPH-L900 using XDA Premium 4 mobile app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
BINGO.
Sent from my SPH-L900. Please hit the thanks button if I helped you out!
when i run casual it says "phone not rooted, root your phoen with any vraljb rom"
going to work on it some more tonight and see what happens.
for some reason every tar file i try to instal fails except for the
root66_VZW_stock_system.tar file.
Derf9280 said:
when i run casual it says "phone not rooted, root your phoen with any vraljb rom"
going to work on it some more tonight and see what happens.
for some reason every tar file i try to instal fails except for the
root66_VZW_stock_system.tar file.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
you accidentally installed a Verizon rom. You however DID NOT install a Verizon bootloader. Odin would not allow it. Thank God casual failed otherwise you'd be hard bricked. Ensure you have a custom recovery. Then wipe and flash my mc2 zip from here and you'll be straight again.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2086769
Are you sure? Someone brought in a soft bricked R950 (I know...different model but as long as it's not on 4.3 I doubt it'd matter for this situation) with ALL VZW firmware on it. Bootloader and all. I had to run CASUAL to unlock the bootloader to accept the R950 USCC firmware. Without CASUAL it kept failing in Odin (to preserve the VZW Note II firmware).
Guess I shouldve done more digging to see exactly what the OP did before pointing straight to a locked bootloader. I'm pretty sure that's the case though...I don't see any other reason for a MD5 tarball to fail. I don't think that particular VZW firmware build has secureboot.
Sent from my SPH-L900. Please hit the thanks button if I helped you out!

[Q] My Nexus is stuck in 4.1.2 stock

Hey All,
Just got a friends Nexus and it was last used with 4.1.2 jellybean, I tried updating via OTA in settings but there is no update there and says my phone is up to date. I'd like at least 4.2.2 although 4.3 would do well
I've tried using methods of clearing data from the Google framework but that did not work.
Also I have only just installed everything i want on it as i had to factory reset.
Any help?
Thanks in advance
Hunglikeagecko said:
Hey All,
Just got a friends Nexus and it was last used with 4.1.2 jellybean, I tried updating via OTA in settings but there is no update there and says my phone is up to date. I'd like at least 4.2.2 although 4.3 would do well
I've tried using methods of clearing data from the Google framework but that did not work.
Also I have only just installed everything i want on it as i had to factory reset.
Any help?
Thanks in advance
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Which nexus do you have? There are several variants.
How would it find that out?
I'm not this bad with technology but am new to this device aha
Thanks for your help
Sent from my Galaxy Nexus
Hunglikeagecko said:
How would it find that out?
I'm not this bad with technology but am new to this device aha
Thanks for your help
Sent from my Galaxy Nexus
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Which carrier is it for?
DR3W5K1 said:
Which carrier is it for?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Its unlocked, Australian. That's all I know, in the about phone section of the settings it says the model is Galaxy Nexus.
Hunglikeagecko said:
Its unlocked, Australian. That's all I know, in the about phone section of the settings it says the model is Galaxy Nexus.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
LOL OKAY... Well you have a GSM model since the phone is outside of US.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/galaxy-nexus/general/ref-official-google-ota-update-urls-t1419170
Try this ^ guide.
BTW your device is a maguro just so you know.
DR3W5K1 said:
LOL OKAY... Well you have a GSM model since the phone is outside of US.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/galaxy-nexus/general/ref-official-google-ota-update-urls-t1419170
Try this ^ guide.
BTW your device is a maguro just so you know.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
On that guide there are many code names for different devices, which one do you think that mine would be?
Thank you so much for your help!
CWM->restore = vuole , mmm you have CWM don't you?
Išsiųsta naudojantis Galaxy Nexus Tapatalk 4 Lt
Hunglikeagecko said:
On that guide there are many code names for different devices, which one do you think that mine would be?
Thank you so much for your help!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Maguro
Search on google for nexus factory images and download adequate for your gnex and flash of course
Sent from my Galaxy Nexus using XDA Premium 4 mobile app
remabrate1 said:
Search on google for nexus factory images and download adequate for your gnex and flash of course
Sent from my Galaxy Nexus using XDA Premium 4 mobile app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
With fastboot. No toolkits of course.
Sent from my Galaxy Nexus using xda app-developers app
and to add to this, to find all relevant info on your build I believe you can find it in bottom left when you boot into fastboot/bootloader
which is done by holding both volume buttons and power button down all at the same time
I'm not this bad with technology but am new to this device aha
I think I may have screwed up pretty majorly,
I rooted and installed cwm as usual and tried flashing updates but that didn't work
Then I decided that I would install a custom ROM on it which I wasn't going to, so now I'm stuck as I wiped data and tried flashing both pa and slim but both failed, I assume this is because of an older version of cwm which was used because it was needed to flash the updates.
So now I am stuck without an os and when I boot it just goes through the Google logo twice then goes to cwm.
What is suggested for these situations aha? Thanks
Hunglikeagecko said:
I think I may have screwed up pretty majorly,
I rooted and installed cwm as usual and tried flashing updates but that didn't work
Then I decided that I would install a custom ROM on it which I wasn't going to, so now I'm stuck as I wiped data and tried flashing both pa and slim but both failed, I assume this is because of an older version of cwm which was used because it was needed to flash the updates.
So now I am stuck without an os and when I boot it just goes through the Google logo twice then goes to cwm.
What is suggested for these situations aha? Thanks
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Just use adb sideload. Saved my ass a couple of times too.
Thanks but I found a really good method on XDA because I believe it was soft bricked. I used Odin to flash stock 4.2.2 and that got rid of root and custom recovery. Once that was done I then updated to 4.3 in the settings via ota
Thank you for all you help
I have no idea about any of this adb sideload stuff so I'll learn about it before I screw up next time aha

Categories

Resources