[Q] Question about New Roms,APPS and CWM - Xperia Play Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting

Ok i got a question,i have apps that are on my SDCard.I am going to try out Cynaongen Mod but when i check out my SDC storage it says the same amount i had on my previous ROM.If i wipe SD card,then go back to my previous ROM,will the apps that were on SDC remain?
Confused?
Simple version:
Cat wants new ROM,has apps on SCard (18G left)
Cat makes a CWM backup of old rom
Cat gets new ROM without wiping SDC (18G)
No apps remained from the SDC from my old rom
Cat wants to clean wipes SDC (30g left)
Cat wants to go back to his OLD rom now
Will cat get all his APPS on SDcard back if he returns to his old rom via CWM? (??G)

Related

New SD card

Greetings
Back with a new question I have just bought a new SD card, 8gb, i have not yet used it though and what i wanna know is how to copy my current SD apps, data saves etc etc to my new card! I basically have the 2GB on my phone with 500mb partition and full of apps (around 50-60) and thing is i cant re-download them cause i dont have WiFi connection and all my current ones where downloaded from my friends house xD
I just want my new card to have the exact same things like my current one just 6 more GB of memory
Also how can i increase the 500mb partition to 1gb?
thx a lot
ps: i dont have an SD adaptor with me atm but i will from monday
install amon_ra's recovery image 1.5.2 if not already done. make a nandroid + ext backup, copy everything from sdcard to pc, switch sdcards, plug in usb cable, turn back on to recovery, enter on pc:
adb shell
sdparted -es 1024M -ss 0
copy everything back sdcard, restore nandroid backup.
HI there
what i did that i pluged my hero with original SD card(2GB) and copyed all the contents to new desktop folder in my computer, then turned off my Hero and took ot the 2GB original card out and inserted new 8GB SDHC card in and copy back all the contents from my new desktop folder.
and Hero working fine as before reseted hero few time no problem
I do not i have done it right way or not
please can someone tell did i do it right way or any other way to do sd card swap?
Thanks
Gugi
@Kendong2
i have amon_ra 1.3.2, does it work with that?
adb shell
sdparted -es 1024M -ss 0
is this for memory partition? can i do that without the use of pc since everytime i tried with adb i failed
Btw how should i install amon_ra 1.3.2? With Flash Recovery? If yes, do you know what "version" supports installing? I have 9/9/09 version but it is the fixed version and it doesnt work
@gugi_sat
You copied everything apart from apps (if u had it partitioned) i guess
thats what i had done but my apps werent copied, but if your apps were on ur internal memory then u copied everything completely
Shei77 said:
@Kendong2
i have amon_ra 1.3.2, does it work with that?
adb shell
sdparted -es 1024M -ss 0
is this for memory partition? can i do that without the use of pc since everytime i tried with adb i failed
Btw how should i install amon_ra 1.3.2? With Flash Recovery? If yes, do you know what "version" supports installing? I have 9/9/09 version but it is the fixed version and it doesnt work
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
see here for installation. you can use the first option since you have the image already installed. should work with 1.3.2 also, but it doesn't support ext4. word is that ext2 is recommended for the partition, as it doesn't stress the sdcard as much as ext3 or 4 does. you can do it on a pc, but you need to find out in what order to create the partitions, 1. ext 2. fat or vice-versa.
Shei77 said:
@gugi_sat
You copied everything apart from apps (if u had it partitioned) i guess
thats what i had done but my apps werent copied, but if your apps were on ur internal memory then u copied everything completely
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
correct.
if i partitioned with 1.3.2 Amon_ra i should have an SD with fat32 + ext2 + swap...
so my apps are on ext2, the best ext i could possibly have them? so i shouldnt download newest amon ra?
so, how do i make a nandroid backup? my nandroid v2.2 says only backup, does that mean apps aswell? also after backup, i copy my files to my pc, put new SD card, copy backup folder on SD and restore backup on new card?
Shei77 said:
if i partitioned with 1.3.2 Amon_ra i should have an SD with fat32 + ext2 + swap...
so my apps are on ext2, the best ext i could possibly have them? so i shouldnt download newest amon ra?
so, how do i make a nandroid backup? my nandroid v2.2 says only backup, does that mean apps aswell? also after backup, i copy my files to my pc, put new SD card, copy backup folder on SD and restore backup on new card?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
better update to 1.5.2, i can confirm that it works perfectly with an ext2 partition if you select nandroid + ext. have been switching roms all day
use the commands i gave you, then the swap partition won't be created, it is not used in mcr3.0.
with 1.5.2 you can also use ext3 or 4, but it is said to age the sdcard faster. i use ext2 on my card.
i hope i CAN update to 1.5.2 >.> i had used 3-4 different versions of Flash Rec in order to get it done
I dont have nandroid + ext so i guess i NEED 1.5.2?:/
When u switch roms and backup you KEEP the apps?
I have MCR2.9 btw, should i update amon ra to 1.5.2, backup, copy the backup, flash 3.0 and then restore backup on my new SD?>.>
i dont need ext3 and 4 anw whats the difference (and use) of them anw?:S
thx for helping so far btw
if you have amon_ra now you can update. see post #5 in this thread.
with nand+ext you keep the apps, that is the beauty of it. make a backup wipe all, test whatever roms you like, after that restore and you're back. it's like having a second hero.
if you make a backup, then flash a rom, then restore your backup you have flashed for nothing. if you want to update your rom make a backup, update the rom, if everything works you can delete the backup. can't be this hard...?
its not....
i just have 2.73 hero and flashrec doesnt work on my hero
i installed amon ra A LONG time ago (even before i realised what rooting was, LOL, i didnt know what i actually did >.>)
and as far as am concerned i tried various versions of flashrec and only one worked i am trying now with various flashrec versions.. 09/09/09, 09/11/07 etc etc but i cant get one to work
Shei77 said:
its not....
i just have 2.73 hero and flashrec doesnt work on my hero
i installed amon ra A LONG time ago (even before i realised what rooting was, LOL, i didnt know what i actually did >.>)
and as far as am concerned i tried various versions of flashrec and only one worked i am trying now with various flashrec versions.. 09/09/09, 09/11/07 etc etc but i cant get one to work
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
that is why i told you to use the installation method described in the linked post. no need to use flashrec.
kendong2 said:
that is why i told you to use the installation method described in the linked post. no need to use flashrec.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
just a very very stupid question
i have to use the adb shell thing (2nd one, the one to get custom recovery)
where do i type? I have to put cmd.exe shortcut into the adb directory folder? and then just start it?xD
hello, again
i've managed to flash 1.5.2 but whenever i perform nandroid backup i get Error: Run 'nandroid-mobile.sh' via adb
so wut to do? (apart from run that via adb, where i failed since i dont know wtf that it is-.-)
Shei77 said:
hello, again
i've managed to flash 1.5.2 but whenever i perform nandroid backup i get Error: Run 'nandroid-mobile.sh' via adb
so wut to do? (apart from run that via adb, where i failed since i dont know wtf that it is-.-)
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
do you have an ext4 partition on your card?
select the "move recovery.log to sd" menu item after you got the error message, then reboot your phone, mount to pc and find recovery.log on your sdcard. give it to us.
have the same nand problem as above
kendong2 said:
do you have an ext4 partition on your card?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
don't know
where can i check this?
find recovery.log on your sdcard. give it to us.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
here it is :
Code:
Create Nandroid + ext backup?
Press HOME to confirm,
any other key to abort.
Performing backup : .
nandroid-mobile v2.2.1
Using G1 keyboard, enter a prefix substring and then <CR>
or just <CR> to accept default: Accepting default.
Using - prefix to create a backup folder
mounting system and data read-only, sdcard read-write
checking free space on sdcard
..Dumping boot to /sdcard/nandroid/HT9BNL901590/BCDEMRS-20091223-1552/boot.img.....done
...Dumping recovery to /sdcard/nandroid/HT9BNL901590/BCDEMRS-20091223-1552/recovery.img......done
.Dumping misc to /sdcard/nandroid/HT9BNL901590/BCDEMRS-20091223-1552/misc.img....done
Dumping system to /sdcard/nandroid/HT9BNL901590/BCDEMRS-20091223-1552/system.img..............................................................done
Dumping data to /sdcard/nandroid/HT9BNL901590/BCDEMRS-20091223-1552/data.img..............done
Dumping cache to /sdcard/nandroid/HT9BNL901590/BCDEMRS-20091223-1552/cache.img....done
Storing the ext2(Apps, Dalvik-cache) contents in the backup folder.
Warning: --ext2 specified but unable to mount the ext2 partition.
Error : Run 'nandroid-mobile.sh' via adb!
schlagg said:
Code:
Create Nandroid + ext backup?
Press HOME to confirm,
any other key to abort.
Performing backup : .
nandroid-mobile v2.2.1
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
are you sure you have the latest recovery image? 1.5.2 should contain nandroid v2.2.2, since there were problems with the ext part in v2.2.1.
edit: check it by doing "adb shell mount" while the phone is powered up (not in recovery!). if your result contains a line like this:
/dev/block/mmcblk0p2 on /system/sd type ext2 (rw,noatime,nodiratime,errors=continue)
then you have an ext partition. the bold part is where you can see which type it is.
also if you don't know if you have an ext partition you most certainly do not have on, in this case why would you try to back it up?
kendong2 said:
are you sure you have the latest recovery image? 1.5.2 should contain nandroid v2.2.2, since there were problems with the ext part in v2.2.1.
edit: check it by doing "adb shell mount" while the phone is powered up (not in recovery!). if your result contains a line like this:
/dev/block/mmcblk0p2 on /system/sd type ext2 (rw,noatime,nodiratime,errors=continue)
then you have an ext partition. the bold part is where you can see which type it is.
also if you don't know if you have an ext partition you most certainly do not have on, in this case why would you try to back it up?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
tried several reboots and recovery images, i managed to make one working i backed up and restore and now i have only 1 current problem
my terminal emulator requires adb shell to install and if i click yes it does nothing and asks me again if i wanna install :/
bump with a new question...
i noticed that my SD card is running rather slow, is it a faulty one or should it run properly?
Its a SanDisk 8gb Class 2! Is class 2 really that slower? My old one was 2gb Class 4 and it wasnt running smoothly but not that slow :S
The shop manager told me that i can replace it or "upgrade" it to a better Class card.. Should i just replace it or get an 8GB Class 4/6?
thx
Shei77 said:
bump with a new question...
i noticed that my SD card is running rather slow, is it a faulty one or should it run properly?
Its a SanDisk 8gb Class 2! Is class 2 really that slower? My old one was 2gb Class 4 and it wasnt running smoothly but not that slow :S
The shop manager told me that i can replace it or "upgrade" it to a better Class card.. Should i just replace it or get an 8GB Class 4/6?
thx
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
you could try replacing, but by definition class 6 should be faster than class 2 or 4. whether this has an effect on your phone, or if it is only marketing fairy tales, or manufacturer lies, who can tell for sure? it varies from card to card, from manufacturer to manufacturer, if i were you i'd get a class 6 card.

[Q] HELP SD-EXT back to phone memory

Is there a method to move data in ext2 back to phone memory in my desire? I found some recovery tools allow that. But I don't find any way in clockwork mod.
Thanks for the help.
Make a backup of yours Apps+Data with Titanium Backup, make a backup of FAT32-Partition of the Card. Partition the SD-Card without swap and ext. Reboot the Desire and restore the SD-Card (with USB-Connection) and restore the backups made with Titanium Backup.
Thanks for the info. But Titanium Backup can't restore everything. Is there any other method to move ext2 data back to phone like some other recovery tools able to move ext back to phone.
n
Go into recovery, mount sd-ext and data.
Open an ADB shell and do the following
rm /data/app
rm /data/app-private
rm /data/dalvik-cache
Thats how you delete the links.
mv /sd-ext/app /data/
mv /sd-ext/app-private /data/
mv /sd-ext/dalvik-cache /data/
If it's correct there should be a app, app-private and dalvik-cache dir again, check like this:
ls /data/
Double check if there is still something important left on sd-ext:
ls /sd-ext
If there is a data folder you need to move it to, but I think there were only app, app-private and dalvik-cache.
Turn phone off, remove SD card and put it into your PC to repartition it. If you reboot the phone with SD card still in it will re-setup ap2sd.
By using this command all apps will move back to phone right?
Titanium Backup
I found an option in Titanium Backup allowing for a batch moving of all apps to the internal memory. I used it (because i need to also) and I checked in Settings>Applications>Apps on SD and none were there
mrusheen said:
I found an option in Titanium Backup allowing for a batch moving of all apps to the internal memory. I used it (because i need to also) and I checked in Settings>Applications>Apps on SD and none were there
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Settings>Applications>Apps on SD only shows Froyo Apps to SD, it doesn't show old A2SD or A2SD+ apps, the phone is tricked into thinking those apps are installed internally
Yes that is the problem. So I want to find a way to reverse it.

Need help flashing Synergy

I'm currently on CM7 and used to be on Synergy. I had been trying to get a2sd working, ended up flashing the stock kernel from Kernel Manager and then Synergy wouldn't boot up so I ended up wiping everything and reflashing CM7. Now I've been trying to get back into Synergy but I can't get it to boot up. Is it because I'm using Clockwork Recovery?
Can anyone tell me a simple step-by-step to get from my current rom to Synergy with working a2sd? I really would appreciate it, I couldn't get it to work for me at all. I have no experience with partitioning my SD card or ext-2, 3, 4. Thanks everyone.
so can you get into boot loader?
Yes, I can. I have CW recovery.
im also new to this but the way i flashed was.....
1. Download Synergy and place it in root of SD
2. Install rom manager (Free).
3. open and press on INSTALL ROM FROM SD CARD
4. look for the synergy zip file
5. WIPE DATA AND CACHE & WIPE DALVIK CACHE.
6. check yes to everything and good to go!!!!!!!!!!!!
This is the only way i know to to flash roms, so if this was not any Help to you then Sorry!
Oh ffs, do NOT use ROM Manager.....
Here, if are using A2SD, follow this, and while you read, put Amon Ra on for recovery.
1) Copy all your files to a backup folder on your computer
2) Using the phone, format your SD Card.
3) Reboot to Recovery.
4) scroll to Partition SD Card, then partition SD.
5) If you have a larger than 8MB Card, choose swap size of 128 and partition of 2048
6) After it creates the partition, go to partition SD Card EXT2 to EXT3
7) Copy your files back to your SD Card, including the Synergy ROM via USB toggle or a card reader (Faster)
8) reboot to recovery, choose wipe, then wipe All User Data/Factory Reset.
9) Wipe each subcategory, but NOT the SD Card, itself.
10) Now go to Flash from SD Card, and flash the ROM
11) When it boots, let ti settle for a few minutes, before you do anything
12) Don't set your accounts or prefs or anything, just do a reboot, then once booted again, let it sit a few minutes to settle in, then run the setup program, set your accounts, preferences, etc. Once that's done, reboot again.
13) In the synergy updater, you'll need to flash the a2sd mod, which wil lreboot your phone.
14) Restore your apps
15) Go into terminal, type su > Enter >a2sd check >enter
16) Then type a2sd reswap > enter
17) Type a2sd swappy10 >enter
If you get an error BEFORE step 17, type a2sd reinstall > enter, then the phone will reboot, then come back to step 15
18) done! Enjoy!
THAT is how you get a great install of Synergy with A2SD!
If you don't see the A2SD mod in Synergy Updater, do this:
You first must configure an Addon/Theme server. Do this by going to: menu | configuration | Addon/Theme Update Settings | Manage Addon/Theme Servers | Menu | Update Featured Addon/Theme Servers" Then check for Addons and themes and there should be a list presented.
BTW, that's what I do to flash every ROM, except for the synergy updater parts, and I have very very VERY few issues, ever
Like i stated before I'm new to flashing and i want to know whats the difference?
The difference is that Amon Ra is just better than CWM. Bottom line.
Also, things can go wrong with ROM Manager. The best way is to flash things in Recovery.
Cool Thanks
ill see if i do it this way
HipKat said:
Oh ffs, do NOT use ROM Manager.....
Here, if are using A2SD, follow this, and while you read, put Amon Ra on for recovery.
1) Copy all your files to a backup folder on your computer
2) Using the phone, format your SD Card.
3) Reboot to Recovery.
4) scroll to Partition SD Card, then partition SD.
5) If you have a larger than 8MB Card, choose swap size of 128 and partition of 2048
6) After it creates the partition, go to partition SD Card EXT2 to EXT3
7) Copy your files back to your SD Card, including the Synergy ROM via USB toggle or a card reader (Faster)
8) reboot to recovery, choose wipe, then wipe All User Data/Factory Reset.
9) Wipe each subcategory, but NOT the SD Card, itself.
10) Now go to Flash from SD Card, and flash the ROM
11) When it boots, let ti settle for a few minutes, before you do anything
12) Don't set your accounts or prefs or anything, just do a reboot, then once booted again, let it sit a few minutes to settle in, then run the setup program, set your accounts, preferences, etc. Once that's done, reboot again.
13) In the synergy updater, you'll need to flash the a2sd mod, which wil lreboot your phone.
14) Restore your apps
15) Go into terminal, type su > Enter >a2sd check >enter
16) Then type a2sd reswap > enter
17) Type a2sd swappy10 >enter
If you get an error BEFORE step 17, type a2sd reinstall > enter, then the phone will reboot, then come back to step 15
18) done! Enjoy!
THAT is how you get a great install of Synergy with A2SD!
If you don't see the A2SD mod in Synergy Updater, do this:
You first must configure an Addon/Theme server. Do this by going to: menu | configuration | Addon/Theme Update Settings | Manage Addon/Theme Servers | Menu | Update Featured Addon/Theme Servers" Then check for Addons and themes and there should be a list presented.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I just followed your steps all the way to the end but when it comes time to do a2sd reswap I get "Swap on command failed: 1." Is there any way for me to check if I got a2sd working right? Thanks!
luisdile02 said:
I just followed your steps all the way to the end but when it comes time to do a2sd reswap I get "Swap on command failed: 1." Is there any way for me to check if I got a2sd working right? Thanks!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I go that too, so I did a2sd reinstall, then on reboot, I did a2sd check, showed that the a2sd is installed and the partition is present, and a lot of other things, then I did a2sd reswap, got the error, but in reading it over, I see it says that the error could be because it's already running.
So how I exactly do I pass everything to the SD card?
Sent from my PC36100 using XDA App
in terminal
Type SU <then hit enter>
A2SD Reinstall
That will reboot your phone and move all your apps to your sd card EXT3 partition
HipKat said:
Oh ffs, do NOT use ROM Manager.....
Here, if are using A2SD, follow this, and while you read, put Amon Ra on for recovery.
1) Copy all your files to a backup folder on your computer
2) Using the phone, format your SD Card.
3) Reboot to Recovery.
4) scroll to Partition SD Card, then partition SD.
5) If you have a larger than 8MB Card, choose swap size of 128 and partition of 2048
6) After it creates the partition, go to partition SD Card EXT2 to EXT3
7) Copy your files back to your SD Card, including the Synergy ROM via USB toggle or a card reader (Faster)
8) reboot to recovery, choose wipe, then wipe All User Data/Factory Reset.
9) Wipe each subcategory, but NOT the SD Card, itself.
10) Now go to Flash from SD Card, and flash the ROM
11) When it boots, let ti settle for a few minutes, before you do anything
12) Don't set your accounts or prefs or anything, just do a reboot, then once booted again, let it sit a few minutes to settle in, then run the setup program, set your accounts, preferences, etc. Once that's done, reboot again.
13) In the synergy updater, you'll need to flash the a2sd mod, which wil lreboot your phone.
14) Restore your apps
15) Go into terminal, type su > Enter >a2sd check >enter
16) Then type a2sd reswap > enter
17) Type a2sd swappy10 >enter
If you get an error BEFORE step 17, type a2sd reinstall > enter, then the phone will reboot, then come back to step 15
18) done! Enjoy!
THAT is how you get a great install of Synergy with A2SD!
If you don't see the A2SD mod in Synergy Updater, do this:
You first must configure an Addon/Theme server. Do this by going to: menu | configuration | Addon/Theme Update Settings | Manage Addon/Theme Servers | Menu | Update Featured Addon/Theme Servers" Then check for Addons and themes and there should be a list presented.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
LOL well done for synergy man good guide. I approve of this post
HipKat said:
I go that too, so I did a2sd reinstall, then on reboot, I did a2sd check, showed that the a2sd is installed and the partition is present, and a lot of other things, then I did a2sd reswap, got the error, but in reading it over, I see it says that the error could be because it's already running.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hello,
I have the Synergy ROM installed on my EVO.
I followed all of your steps to be create a partition to be able to transfer all apps to SD.
I also get the errors in a2sd reswap. There is an X in No a2sd.swap environment variable found. and an X in Swap On command failed: 1.
I have tried your reinstall fix and I keep checking my internal memory and the apps still occupy it (started out w/ 273 mb free before apps and now down to 268 mb free with only two apps).
I didn't think it worked the first time so I re-partitioned the card and re-did the whole procedure and am still getting the errors.
Any help would be appreciated.
If I do this ans skip the a2sd part will it allow me to have more than 102mb in memory? That's the only thing that's is keeping me from using synergy or any sense 3.0 Tom in general
Sent from my PC36100 using XDA App

[Q] Partitioning my sd card

Ok so i have an 8 gig memory card. And from what I understand, when you partition your SD card it deletes everything, upgrades your ext2 to ext3, and allows for more internal memory on the phone, and puts all of your apps on your SD card (if the rom you wanna use allows it).
But what are the swap values and such? I get confused at the part where it asks to set the values. If its any help I want to use either synergy or evolvedandroid running freedom kernel.
Set the swap to 0.
Sent from my PC36100 using XDA Premium App
That wont effect anything with the kernels though? What should the other values be
xInfamousx said:
That wont effect anything with the kernels though? What should the other values be
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Back up the contents of your SD card to your computer or external drive because this procedure will erase EVERYTHING on it. Using amonRA v2.3, select 'partition sdcard'. When prompted, enter 0 for the SWAP size, 1024 for the ext2 size and the rest for FAT. When the process is complete, select 'upgrade ext2 to ext3'. After the process is complete, go to the wipe menu and wipe EVERYTHING on the list. Afterwards and while still in recovery, connect your device to your computer and then select the USB-MS option. This will allow your computer to see the SD card. Copy over a freshly downloaded copy of the rom you want to flash and then flash it. Be patient during the initial boot process. After you've booted to your homescreen, it is recommended that you install your apps from the market initially,especially if you're going to be using a rom like Synergy. Your apps should be stored on the ext3 partition upon installation.
posted via my EVO 4G
Alrighty. Ill try it out. And when I flash a new rom, as long as it supports apps to SD, will all my apps with their data be re-uploaded onto the newly flashed rom?
xInfamousx said:
Alrighty. Ill try it out. And when I flash a new rom, as long as it supports apps to SD, will all my apps with their data be re-uploaded onto the newly flashed rom?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Automatically? Maybe, but that depends on the rom and if you have your apps autosynced with Google's servers. I'll give you an example: When I flash an AOSP rom like SalvageMod (my favorite) or OMGB, my apps are autorestored but not to the ext3 partition, but when I reflash the Synergy rom, they do, but not all the time. What I suggest is you do the following: as soon as you have your device exactly how you want it, boot into recovery and create a nandroid backup consisting of your boot, data, system & sdext. When you're done, create another nandroid backup of only your data & sdext. The first backup is something you should do everytime you make significant changes to your device. The second backup is for restoring your data, homescreens and apps when you want to just reflash your current rom or flash a 'very similar' rom. NOTE: if you are NOT going to partition your card with an ext3 partition then substitute the sdext with android.secure when you create your nandroid backup. Android.secure is where your paid apps are stored.
posted via my EVO 4G

How to format Rooted HTC One X SD Card

Im on a custom rom, just don't want to lose nothing, just want to wipe the SD card as ive used almost all my 25GB but i don't want to manually go through deleting things file by file, would prefer to just format everything without losing the rom, or CWM or my bootloader/hboot.
there's an option to format SD card in recovery
Will that keep all the important information that the phone needs to operate?
Your nandroid backups will be gone so better back them up.
Rom, cwm and stuff like that will not be affected since they are not stored on sdcard.
Sent from my HTC One X
Go to settings > storage > erase SD card
or if you're on a sense version
settings > storage > Erase phone storage

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