Develop Bugs

How to Flash/Use Multirom(Noob friendly)

Okay these are the steps I took and put as simple as possible.Some steps may be skipped depending on if you have done them or not.These are written based off my setup and what i did.
Disclaimer:Me nor Tassadar or bigsupersquid are responsible for any damage done to your phone so use at your own risk.
Multirom Install:
1.Format through cwm your sd card to have an ext(Recommended 512 mb)
2.Download the two zips from bigsupersquid posted here:http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=20626123#post20626123
3.Place them both onto your sd card.
4.Boot into cwm and flash the cwm zip you downloaded from squid's thread.
5.Now reboot your phone and then boot again into cwm(It should have blue text if it flashed correctly and the multirom option)
6.Now I highly recommend you make a backup of your current rom just in case anything goes wrong.(I made a copy of it onto my pc as well.)
7.Now flash the other zip titled "Multirom..." and wait for it to install.Now reboot to see if it boots.If boots then everything has been done correctly.
Rom on SD Card setup/install:
For this I have install on phone the latest build of cm for oV and will be using the same rom to setup on sd card just for test.
1.Now here Make another backup of your current rom through recovery(Will be used trust me)
2.Now flash the rom you want to use on sd card.(If using a 2.3 rom then the sd card crom msu also be 2.3 and vice versa for 2.2 roms).Reboot phone(a must so dalvik is created correctly).(Make sure to do the appropriate steps fro flash rom like wiping etc.)
3.Reboot back into recovery.Go to multirom and select "Create from current rom". (flash the multirom zip again if it says folder not found)(ROM on the sdcard is placed in /sd-ext/multirom/rom/).
4.After it finished you can go ahead and restore the backup you made in step 1. and the reboot after finished and wait until boot manager shows up.
5.Select boot from sd card and it should boot into the rom you chose to install to sd.(If it doesn't then you did one of the steps wrong).
6.That's it you now have multirom booting enjoy it !
MultiROM recovery menu description:
Active/deactive state is for recovery only, you can boot ROMs from backup in boot manager - that means its N-times boot rather than dual-boot.
When not active(boot from internal memory):
Activate (move from backup) - when you already have backup, this will move it to active folder (fast).
Activate (copy from backup) - same as above, but it copies it instead of moving
Create from current ROM - pretty self-explanatory
When active(boot from sdcard):
Deactivate (move to backup) - Moves current ROM to backup folder, so next boot will be from internal memory
Backup - Creates backup of current ROM
Erase current ROM - Deletes current rom, next boot will be from internal memory
Copy modules from int mem - Copies modules from ROM in internal memory to SDcard. Try this if WiFi does not work in SDcard ROM.
Thanks to Tassadar,bigsupersquid,everyone behind cm7 for optimus v and anyone else that contributed to this

Sounds awsome, gotta try the noob friendly lol....dont have patience for the more detailed one ;P
Sent from my LG-VM670 running ICS2.3.7 oc 806~825

any way to get link2sd to work with this. sdext doesn't appear to handle both multirom and link

what are the pro's n cons of this? someone please explain this to me b4 i attempt this. thanks.

Ventrue05 said:
what are the pro's n cons of this? someone please explain this to me b4 i attempt this. thanks.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Well pros would be you can dual boot between roms.Cons would be not many different roms since most are based off cm7 lol

why would i want to switch on the go from roms? im not being a **** or anything just wondering why someone would want to do that.

Ventrue05 said:
why would i want to switch on the go from roms? im not being a **** or anything just wondering why someone would want to do that.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Some just like the choice of having two different roms customized differently with different apps and such.

DarkLG said:
Well pros would be you can dual boot between roms.Cons would be not many different roms since most are based off cm7 lol
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Plus you can partition a bigger space on your SD card giving you more room for apps

What is the likeliness this recovery will prevent you from flashing a different recovery.
There are a couple people trying to flash the rzrecovery and getting failed attempts.

eollie said:
What is the likeliness this recovery will prevent you from flashing a different recovery.
There are a couple people trying to flash the rzrecovery and getting failed attempts.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hmm guess nobody has a answer to this...

eollie said:
What is the likeliness this recovery will prevent you from flashing a different recovery.
There are a couple people trying to flash the rzrecovery and getting failed attempts.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If you flash the recovery image using flash_image while booted into android, I think it's safe to say just about zero.

tdmcode said:
If you flash the recovery image using flash_image while booted into android, I think it's safe to say just about zero.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Something was not working right because a couple people using the multi recovery couldnt get rzrecovery to install. Not sure if they got IHO installed or not. I have a feeling something is not allowing flash_image to work properly with that recovery.
I just wanted to see what the devs of this recovery thought.

Tetris from recovery is worth it by itself! havn't installed a second rom yet but this is cool anyways

[TUTORIAL][S-OFF!]290 MB Data Partition!!! & Installing CyanogenMod 7 Step By Step!

[TUTORIAL][S-OFF!]290 MB Data Partition!!! & Installing CyanogenMod 7 Step By Step!
Now with a video tutorial for download!!!
A while ago I came across a great scrip from Firerat and I figured it was time to highlight it again as he's updated it constantly.
I thought I would take the time to put together a tutorial on how to do the following:
1/ Change the size of your /System, /Data, and /Cache partitions to give you a HUGE amount more /Data space for efficiently sized ROM's like CyanogenMod 7.x
2/ Show you how to install CyanogenMod 7.x with these custom partition sizes and verify that they are as expected.
What you will need:
A prerequisite is a custom recover, preferably Alquez's Unofficial CWM Recovery 5.0.2.6
1/ To download and place on your SD Card the latest build of Alquez's CM7.x. (Do not unzip!)
2/ Google apps (GAPPS) for CyanongenMod 7.x, which you will also place on your SD card (Do not unzip!)
3/Firerat's 1.5.8 MTD Boot Script which you will also place on you SD card (Do not unzip!)
4/ Firerat's 1.5.8 MTD Recovery Script which you will also place on you SD card (Do not unzip!)
5/ The custom mtdpart.txt file that defines your custom partition sizes. Place this on your SD card in the same folder as the boot and recovery scripts. For ease of explanation let's just put all the required files on the root of your SD card.
Now you have all the files that you are going to need it's time to begin:
1/ Alter the txt file to suit your need but do not hit enter. Make sure there is no carriage return taking you to a second linein the file.
{
"lightbox_close": "Close",
"lightbox_next": "Next",
"lightbox_previous": "Previous",
"lightbox_error": "The requested content cannot be loaded. Please try again later.",
"lightbox_start_slideshow": "Start slideshow",
"lightbox_stop_slideshow": "Stop slideshow",
"lightbox_full_screen": "Full screen",
"lightbox_thumbnails": "Thumbnails",
"lightbox_download": "Download",
"lightbox_share": "Share",
"lightbox_zoom": "Zoom",
"lightbox_new_window": "New window",
"lightbox_toggle_sidebar": "Toggle sidebar"
}
2/Now save it as "mtdpartmap.txt" (For CM7x you can use 145 20 with no worries). Don't listen to people telling you that 125 5 is a good setting. They don't know what CM7.x you are using and I do. Trust me.
3/ As mentioned earlier download and opy the recovery file, the boot file, the mtdpartmap.txt, Alquez's latest CM7.x nightly, and the latest version of GAPPS to the root of your SD card
5/Remove the rear cover of your phone
6/ Remove your phone's battery and replace it while unplugged
7/ Ensure you have a good charge before you begin (Say 30% or more)
8/ Press and hold Volume Down+Power at the same time to reboot into CWM or Razor recovery. (We will be using CWM Unofficial 5.0.2.6 for this tutorial)
9/ Perform a Nandroid backup of your current ROM to make sure you have something to go back to should you wish!!!
10/ Choose wipe data/Factory reset from the menu and follow the prompts.
11/ Go to the Mounts and Storage Menu and follow the prompts to format your system partition.
12/ Go back to the main menu and choose Install zip from SD card and follow the prompts to install the Recovery zip that will set your mount points for your partitions and give you the space you are looking for. (WHEN DONE BE CAREFUL! THERE IS ANOTHER IMPORTANT STEP TO PERFORM HERE IN THE NEXT STEP!!!)
**Notice it now says to wipe system, cache, and data partitions then reboot to recovery. Very important! This is the #1 reason why this fails for people. Read it carefully.
Now here's how to do it!:
1/ Return to the Mounts and Storage Menu
2/ Format the Cache, Data, and System partitions by following the prompts. (DO NOT FORMAT ANYTHING ELSE AND BE CAREFUL TO CHOOSE SYSTEM NOT SD CARD!!!)
Now for part three...

Part 3:..
1/ Go to advanced menu and reboot to recovery
2/ If you are restoring a NANDROID backup do so now using backup/restore and restoring the NANDROID backup you wish to put on the new partitions but beware about trying to restore something onto the new cache and system partitions that is too big for them!!!
**Note! From here on in we are going to skip the screen shots of Install zip from SD, and confirming it. If you haven't gotten this down by now it's perhaps time to head to your local nerd and get him/her or he-she to do this for you.
3/ Installing CM7.x install zip from SD
4/ Install the Google apps GAPPS zip from the SD
5/ Install the boot portion of the script from the SD card. This portion allows your device to find the right start and end points for the newly resized partitions that you created.
**NOTE!!! You must rerun this portion of the script every time you do a wipe and install or wipe and NANDROID restore! If you do not your device will become stuck at the boot splash screen. So keep this script file on your SD card!
6/ Return to recovery main menu and reboot device and enjoy your roomy CM7.x install!
Now:
Let's confirm through Terminal Emulator that your partitions are actually changed!
-Click on the centre home button on the bottom of your screen to bring up the all apps list.
-Scroll across to the T's and load Terminal Emulator by clicking on it.
-Once inside Terminal Emulator type the following followed by Return/Enter on your virtual keyboard:
"busybox df -h"
-This will bring up the list of all the partitions on your system and as you can see your Data partition is now 290 MB, your Cache partition is now 20 MB and your System partition is now 145 MB with 8.8 MB remaining on your system partition. Just enough for integrating updates to your system apps into the System partition.
So that's it!
Now how about moving ahead to my LINK2SD prepping and configuring tutorial and my Speed up your GPS CWM flash update to top it all off!
Well done!
IF THIS TUTORIAL HELPED YOU PLEASE CLICK THANKS!!!

Excelent tutorial, thx.

really good tutorial but i didn't get it what advantages i got from this ?
speed or more space in internal memory

hanynemesis said:
really good tutorial but i didn't get it what advantages i got from this ?
speed or more space in internal memory
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Well CM7 is a speedy ROM as it's well tweaked to begin with and obviously has a low overhead due to the size.
This gives you an additional 120 MB of internal memory! Combine that with LINK2SD and you've got a phone virtually unlimited for apps.
Glad the tutorial helped.

One more thing...
Even though the tutorial show 1.58 beta files the linked files are actually 1.58 final. A little added bonus.
Thanks for the PM question so I could clarify that and please click THANKS if if you appreciate this tutorial.
D

So, overall this increases the internal memory for apps am I right?
Great tutorial mate, will do this on next nightly update with a kernal.

Check this out...
Now with a video tutorial for download!!!
See the first post...

isn`t it easier to flash cm, then just boot into recovery and install data 2 sd, after partitioning your sd card ext4 1 gb + rest fat32 ?

What exactly do you have to do with 1.5.8 MTD Boot Script zip file?
I try to install another ROM (circle battery - change the battery icon) and when I was going to reboot, my phone get stucked at the CyanogenMod logo. It reproduced it again and again. Should I reinstall 1.5.8 MTD Boot Script zip file after doing this or what? Do you know the correct way to install it?
Besides, I pretty good tutorial. Too clearly explanated.

You have too flash the boot script after you flash a new ROM or a backup. That's explained.
Sent from my cm7.2 Wildfire S

b02 said:
isn`t it easier to flash cm, then just boot into recovery and install data 2 sd, after partitioning your sd card ext4 1 gb + rest fat32 ?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Do what you wish of course.
I prefer link2sd and a load of internal fast memory for booting and important apps. A distinguishing feature that data2sd doesn't have.
If your SD card fails you still have your most important stuff with you. Can't say that for DATA2SD or DATA2WHATEVER, etc...
Sent from my cm7.2 Wildfire S

not working for my htc wildfire s a510e after doing all steps and "busybox df -h" show me the data partition size 150 mb and 40 mb was used (

d33ps1x said:
You have too flash the boot script after you flash a new ROM or a backup. That's explained.
Sent from my cm7.2 Wildfire S
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Ok. That's what I thought but I think I did it wrong or something. So the steps are this:
1. Install new ROM or backup.
2. Go to install zip from sd and select the boot.
3. Install it.
4. Reboot the phone.

ROMTesting said:
Ok. That's what I thought but I think I did it wrong or something. So the steps are this:
1. Install new ROM or backup.
2. Go to install zip from sd and select the boot.
3. Install it.
4. Reboot the phone.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yes. Of course this is for a backup or different rom or something. You still have to do the recovery scrip to resize for your initial resizing.

d33ps1x said:
Do what you wish of course.
I prefer link2sd and a load of internal fast memory for booting and important apps. A distinguishing feature that data2sd doesn't have.
If your SD card fails you still have your most important stuff with you. Can't say that for DATA2SD or DATA2WHATEVER, etc...
Sent from my cm7.2 Wildfire S
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
i just asked, and i just hope that sd card wont crash (didnt happen since i first flashed cm)
though, a GREAT guide mate, very well explained ...
p.s. guys click thanks for this, cos' that takes some time to be made, even if oyu dont use it

You know, I've tried (probably) every single method posted on these boards about flashing CM7, and yet I can't get it to work properly. This is really the most step-by-step tutorial I've seen and I thought it would work, but no, still no data connection.
With other methods I've tried, they've either disabled both Wi-Fi and mobile data connection, just one of the two, or there's a missing phone/dialer app.
With this one, the Wi-Fi's working, but I still have no data connection. Any ideas as to why this could be?

johnnyspritz said:
You know, I've tried (probably) every single method posted on these boards about flashing CM7, and yet I can't get it to work properly. This is really the most step-by-step tutorial I've seen and I thought it would work, but no, still no data connection.
With other methods I've tried, they've either disabled both Wi-Fi and mobile data connection, just one of the two, or there's a missing phone/dialer app.
With this one, the Wi-Fi's working, but I still have no data connection. Any ideas as to why this could be?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Did you try the libril fix? What is your radio version?
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=21147430#post21147430
If you have a different RUU that Euro 2.3.5 then grab your own libril.so from /system/lib on your RUU install and save it to your SD.
Re-install CM7 and replace and set permissions on libril.so

I've followed this tut d33p, but my phone still displays total 150mb internal storage, why?

Strange, I've used this mod also a month ago and it works great.
However I've used slightly different instructions.
Here we go:
put all the required data on the root of your sd card
reboot in recovery
take nandroid backup
go to mounts - format system
factory reset
advanced - wipe dalvic cache
install custom recovery script
reboot in recovery
restore nandroid backup
install custom boot script
reboot
This worked for me, don't know if it works for you guys.
Say it

[TUT] What Is ClockworkMod And How To Use It [Complete Guide] [VeNuM]

What Is ClockworkMod Recovery And How To Use It On Android [Tutorial]
ClockworkMod – also known as Clockwork and CWM – is a custom recovery for Android phones and tablets that allows you to perform several advanced recovery, restoration, installation and maintenance operations on your Android device that aren’t possible with the stock recovery. In what follows, we will cover all that this recovery is capable of doing, and how to do it. We do not discuss Touch recovery (and you shouldn’t use it on the ET4G) or Rogue recovery here. Those are different tuts…
All About Android Recovery
All Android devices ship with a recovery console that is basically a partition on the device’s internal memory and can be booted into. The stock recovery of almost all Android devices provides a few basic yet handy options that allow you to factory reset your device and also to recover its operating system using an official ROM in zip format, but that’s all you can do with it. That’s where a custom recovery comes handy.
A custom Android recovery basically replaces the stock recovery with one that lets you do all you can do with the stock recovery, plus a plethora of more options to give you a lot more control on your device. With a custom recovery, you can install official and unofficial ROMs as well as other updates including apps, themes, kernels etc. using zip files, wipe not just user data but pretty much every partition on your device, mount the storage card for USB mass storage access without leaving recovery, partition your SD card, wipe Dalvik cache and battery stats, fix permissions, perform, manage and restore backups and so on.
Introduction to ClockworkMod
ClockworkMod recovery is one of the most widely used custom Android recoveries that is available for most mainstream Android devices. It is the needed recovery for AOKP, AOSP, CM7 and 9. ClockworkMod recovery has been developed by Koushik Dutta (also known as Koush) – the same guy who brought us the Android ROM Manager.
Booting into ClockworkMod
On most Android devices including ones by Samsung, you can enter recovery by powering your device off and then powering it back on while keeping either the ‘Volume Down’ or the ‘Volume-Up’ button pressed, depending on the device (volume up for our phones). This will enter the bootloader from where you can select the ‘RECOVERY’ option by navigating to it with the Volume key and entering it with the ‘Power’ key.
On most Samsung devices specifically Samsung Galaxy S series devices, you must keep both the ‘Volume-Up’ and ‘Home’ keys pressed while powering on the device, to directly enter recovery.
Tour
1. reboot system now
This one is self-explanatory.
2. apply update from sdcard
This can be used for installation of any official or unofficial update, ROM, kernel, theme etc. that is in a zip format installable from recovery, as long as the file is named update.zip and it has been placed on the root of your SD card (i.e. not in any sub-folder). Selecting this option (and most of the options featured below) will bring up a rather annoying confirmation prompt but this has saved us on multiple occasions from a lot of trouble we would have been into due to accidental key presses. This is what we are talking about:
3. wipe data/factory reset
This option wipes all user data on the device as well as cache. Doing this will leave your phone in the state it was in when you bought it or when any custom ROM was first installed. It will also wipe any sd-ext partition that you might have setup (more on this later).
4. wipe cache partition
Wipes the cache partition of the device to clear all the data accumulated there over use. This is often used before installing a new ROM, app, kernel or any similar mod via recovery.
5. install zip from sdcard
This option brings up the following sub-menu:
1. apply /sdcard/update.zip
This one is essentially the same as the ‘apply update from sdcard’ option of the main menu.
2. choose zip from sdcard
Lets you install any zip file (with any name) from any location on your SD card. The file can be for a ROM, a kernel, an application, a theme or any mod as long as it is in recovery-flashable zip format. This is the most widely used option for installing a ROM that you have downloaded and copied to your SD card.
3. toggle signature verification
Turns the signature verification on and off. When signature verification is on, you will not be able to install any custom ROMs that haven’t been signed by the developers (most custom ROMs aren’t signed). Switching it off skips the signature verification check and proceeds with the installation.
4. toggle script asserts
Seldom-used option for a vast majority of users. It simply turns script asserts on or off. If you don’t know about these (we don’t), it’s best not to change this option.
5. +++++Go Back+++++
Takes you back to the main recovery menu, obviously!
6. backup and restore Undoubtedly one of the most important features provided by a custom recovery, the backup and restore feature – also known as Nandroid backup – allows you to take a snapshot of your phone’s entire internal memory including all partitions, and save it on the SD card.
1. Backup
Takes a Nandroid backup, as explained above.
2. Restore
Lets you restore a previously taken backup. Entering this option presents you with a list of existing backups from the SD card that you can choose from for restoration.
3. Advanced Restore
This option is similar to the Restore option but once a backup has been selected to be restored, this option allows you to choose what parts of it to restore. You can choose to restore the boot, system, data, cache and sd-ext partitions.
7. mounts and storage
Allows you to perform maintenance tasks on all the internal and external partitions of your android device
1. mount/unmount /system, /data, /cache, /sdcard or /sd-ext
These options let you toggle between mounting or unmounting these respective partitions. Most users don’t need to change these options.
2. format boot, system, data, cache, sdcard or sd-ext
These let you directly format any of these partitions. Take extreme care with this option as formatting any of these partitions will result in losing all data on them, especially the boot and system partitions. Formatting the system partition will remove your ROM and leave your phone without an operating system while wiping the boot partition may brick your phone unless you restore or flash another one before rebooting your device.
3. mount USB storage
Lets you enable USB mass storage mode for your SD card right from recovery so that you can connect it to your computer via USB and transfer any files to/from it without having to leave recovery.
8. advanced
This section contains a few options most users will not require, though these can come handy quite often, especially wiping Dalvik cache, which is required before most ROM installations.
1. Reboot Recovery
Lets you directly and very conveniently reboot from recovery right back into recovery. This is useful option for certain back-to-back installations that require the device to at least boot once between them.
2. Wipe Dalvik Cache
Allows you to wipe the cache for the Dalvik virtual machine (the custom-built Java virtual machine for Android).This is required before most ROM installations and at other occasions too, for fixing some problems.
3. Wipe Battery Stats
Wipes the saved battery usage statistics and effectively recalibrates the battery. Useful in various scenarios when Android isn’t showing correct battery levels.
4. Report Error
In case of errors, this feature can be used to save a log of recent ClockworkMod recovery operations on the SD card that you can later report from Android using ROM Manager.
5. Key Test
Lets you press any of the hardware keys to see if they are properly functioning, and to see their key codes.
6. Partition SD Card
This option gives you a no-frills way to partition your SD card properly for use with ROMs that support data2ext (a very handy hack for low internal memory devices that enables an /sd-ext partition on the SD card to be used as the internal user data storage i.e. as the /data partition). Once this option is selected, you will be given options to choose the sizes for the /sd-ext partition as well as an optional /swap partition on the SD card, and will then automatically format it for you, leaving the remaining space for normal SD card usage. This option will wipe all data from your SD card so use it with caution!
7. Fix Permissions
Fixes the file permissions for the internal memory partitions back to default. This is very useful as a fix for several errors and Force-Closes that start appearing after you or an application you installed and provided root access end up messing up the permissions of important files.
Using ClockworkMod for ROM, kernel, apps, theme or mod installation
While in the complete feature tour we have already shown you how to install a ROM, kernel, app, theme or any similar mod from a recovery-flashable zip file using the recovery options, those of you who jumped straight to this section expecting to get just this information quickly are at the right place!
This guide is primary focused on a full feature tour of ClockworkMod recovery but in our previously written guide on how to flash a ROM or app from a zip to an Android device file from recovery, we have already covered in detail how to use ClockworkMod for installing any ROM, kernel, app, theme or mod using a recovery-flashable zip file. While that guide is based on an older version of ClockworkMod recovery, everything in it still applies to the latest versions and should work flawlessly.
How To Install A ROM Or App From Zip File To Android Device From Recovery
Please note that the terms ‘installing’ and ‘flashing’ can be used interchangeably here and will mean the same thing.
Disclaimer: Although I have done my best to make the following procedure as safe as possible, you should still follow this guide at your own risk.
Rooting your device renders its warranty void.
ALWAYS take backups before rooting or flashing a custom ROM or app to your phone.
Flashing a defective ROM or app to your phone might brick it so choose the ROMs and software that you flash wisely and never install a ROM or application from an untrusted source.
AddictiveTips will not be liable if your device gets damaged or bricked during the process.
Official ROM updates from device manufacturers or carriers are released in conveniently packaged installation files that you can run on your computer while your Android device is connected to it, and they automatically take care of updating your phone’s system. Similarly, most applications are available directly in the Android Market for easy installation, or come packaged as convenient ‘.apk’ files that you can just run on your Android phone to install. The case is not the same with most custom ROMs and several custom applications, which come in .zip files rather than PC installers or .apk files.
The idea of installing a customized operating system to their smartphone can be quite intimidating for inexperienced users. Though once they get used to it, some of them end up trying out different ROMs for their devices several times a day. While I don’t exactly recommend that you flash every new ROM that is made available for your Android phone, we are here to help you get over the fear of flashing a ROM that enhances the capabilities of your device so that you can use it to its fullest potential.
Here is a quick look at what we will be covering in this guide. Feel free to skip to the real deal if you already meet the prerequisites.
• Before We Begin: Battery Check
• Before We Begin: Unlocking the Bootloader (Stock Android Devices Only)
• Before We Begin: Rooting
• Before We Proceed: Installing a Custom Recovery
• The Real Deal: Installing a Custom ROM to your Phone
• The Real Deal: Installing an App From a Zip File to your Phone
There are certain steps that you might not require, and we shall be mentioning them in each section.
Before We Begin: Battery Check
Before you proceed with any of the following steps, make sure your phone’s battery level is not too low. It is recommended to have it at 50% or more. Do NOT take this lightly. If your phone’s battery runs out while you are attempting to flash a custom ROM, there is a significant chance of your phone getting bricked and becoming unusable PERMANENTLY.
Before We Begin:Unlocking the Bootloader (Stock Android Devices Only)
Note: This step applies only to Android devices with stock version of Android installed. At the moment, Google Nexus One and Nexus S are the only two such devices available. You may skip this step if you are using any other Android device.
Users of stock Android devices such as the Google Nexus One or Nexus S also need to unlock its bootloader before they can proceed. Once you have done this, you may proceed to the next step.
Before We Begin: Rooting
Note: You may skip this step if your device is already rooted, or if you already know how to root it.
Before you can install a custom ROM to your device, your phone needs to be rooted. Rooting is basically administrator or root level access required to perform administrative tasks on your Android device. Once you are done with the rooting process, you may proceed to the next step.
Before We Proceed: Installing A Custom Recovery
Note: You may skip this step if you already have a custom recovery installed on your device.
Rooting grants you the necessary access level to execute administrative tasks on your Android device but it is the recovery that provides the tools necessary to actually perform those tasks. While every Android device ships with a recovery, the stock recovery is quite limited in what it lets you do, and you need a custom recovery image to perform advanced operations on your device. Once you have a custom recovery installed on your phone, you will be ready to proceed to the next step.
The Real Deal: Installing a Custom ROM to your Phone
Now that you have a custom recovery installed on your phone, you can perform all sorts of wonderful advanced operations on your device and this includes the ability to flash a ROM or application from a zip file. The procedure is pretty standard for most ROMs, though there are certain ROMs which require additional steps for their installation. Since those steps differ from ROM to ROM, pay attention to instructions and this includes only the standard instructions here.
• Manually
1. Download the ROM from the link given in the article featuring that ROM. It should be a zip file.
2. Connect your phone to your computer via USB and mount its storage card.
3. Copy the downloaded ROM to the root of the storage card.
4. Power your phone off and reboot it into recovery. This will involve using a combination of your device’s hardware keys. Once in recovery, you can navigate its menu using the volume up and volume down hardware keys or your phone’s trackball / optical track pad if it comes equipped with one.
5. Use the ‘backup and restore’ feature of recovery to backup your existing ROM installation, software and data. This step is known as performing a nandroid backup. ALWAYS perform a backup before flashing a custom ROM, UNLESS you can afford to lose everything that’s on your phone at the moment.
Note: ALWAYS choose to perform the following steps 6, 7 and 8 UNLESS the ROM you are attempting to flash is an updated version of the same ROM that you are currently using, and is compatible with the current installation’s data. It is usually mentioned with the update whether you can install it over a previous version without wiping its data or not.
6. Get back to the main recovery menu and use the option ‘wipe data/factory reset’. You will be prompted to confirm this action. Select “Yes – Delete all user data”.
7. From the main recovery menu, select ‘wipe cache partition’. You will be prompted to confirm this action. Select ‘Yes – Wipe Cache’.
8. From the main recovery menu, enter the ‘advanced’ menu. From this menu, select ‘Wipe Dalvik Cache’. You will be prompted to confirm this action. Select ‘Yes – Format/System’.
9. From the main recovery menu, enter the ‘Mounts and Storage’ menu. From this menu, select ‘Format/System’. You will be prompted to confirm this action. Select ‘Yes – Wipe Dalvik Cache’.
10. Go back to the main recovery menu by pressing the back button and select the ‘Install zip from SD card’ option.
11. Select ‘choose zip from sdcard’ to get a list of the files and folders on your SD card. Scroll to the ROM’s file that you copied there in step 3, and select it. You will be prompted to confirm this action. Select ‘Yes – Install file_name.zip’ where file_name.zip is the name of the zip file that you are trying to install.
12. Wait patiently while the ROM is flashed to your phone via recovery.
13. Once the installation is complete, head back to the main recovery menu if you aren’t there, and select ‘reboot system now’. Your phone will now boot into the newly installed ROM.
The Real Deal: Installing an App From a Zip File to your Phone
While most apps for Android devices are available at the app store for direct download and installation or as .apk files for direct installation, there are certain apps which are only available as zip files installable from recovery. Their installation procedure is the same as installing a custom ROM that we just featured above. However, there are a few minute differences.
• When installing an app from a zip file, you do NOT need to perform the ‘wipe data/factory reset’ or ‘wipe/system’ step so NEVER do that unless you know what you are doing, have a complete backup and want to start using your ROM as a fresh installation with the new app added.
• You might or might not need to wipe the cache and the dalvik cache for installing apps from zip file. This varies from app to app and the developers of such apps as well as many reviewers including us mention when featuring an app whether it requires a cache and dalvik cache wipe or not. However, it never hurts to wipe these caches anyway, and it does not effect the data on your device or its storage card.
There you go, this concludes the guide on how to flash a ROM or app from a zip file to your Android device using a custom recovery. To try out the skills that you just learned, search our site for custom ROMs for your phone and start flashing, always remembering to take backups first!
Edit- for Nandroid Backup Tut go HERE
By Haroon Q. Raja found (original link HERE), with additions and corrections by VeNuM

Very nice tutorial/guide!
EDIT : First!

Wow this will really help me when i decide to root
Sent from my SPH-D710 using Tapatalk

fghjfhjfghjfghjfgjh
10 char

Nice tutorial bro.

Great Guide!!! Wished we had this kind of guide on the fascinate when I started : )
Sent from my SPH-D710 using Tapatalk

jUgGsY said:
Very nice tutorial/guide!
EDIT : First!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thank you

Me likes it, tank u berry mush

iSaint said:
Wow this will really help me when i decide to root
Sent from my SPH-D710 using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thank You

iSaint said:
Wow this will really help me when i decide to root
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
LOL!
10char

iSaint said:
Wow this will really help me when i decide to root
Sent from my SPH-D710 using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Who are you rooting for?... Lol.
Thank you Venum for your time putting this together. Hopefully it will answer allot of questions before they are asked in dev thread. I'm sure it will be very helpful to allot of people.
Sent from my SPH-D710 using xda premium

blackcanopy said:
Who are you rooting for?... Lol.
Thank you Venum for your time putting this together. Hopefully it will answer allot of questions before they are asked in dev thread. I'm sure it will be very helpful to allot of people.
Sent from my SPH-D710 using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
myself I'm to scared not very edumacated with all this phone stuff
Sent from my SPH-D710 using Tapatalk

iSaint said:
myself I'm to scared not very edumacated with all this phone stuff
Sent from my SPH-D710 using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
This coming from someone with over 800 thanks. Lol

Thank you for this!

iSaint said:
Wow this will really help me when i decide to root
Sent from my SPH-D710 using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hahahahhaha I was thinking something like that lol

First time user here I wanted to say thank you for this, I found it very easy to read and understand, perfect for helping get threw my first root, recovery, and rom

Could someone please direct me to the version of CWM that is safest for our phones?
Thanks
NM: read the thread again and found it.

Nice Guide.

thanks great guide on installing CWM! will come in handy not just for this device but others

Thanks
Thanks for guide. Defiantly the best CWM guide out there....

[TUT] What Is ClockworkMod And How To Use It [Complete Guide] [VeNuM]

Firstly all creadit goes to VeNuM. i haven't make this
Now, i found this helpful to NOOBS so i copied it.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
What Is ClockworkMod Recovery And How To Use It On Android​
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ClockworkMod – also known as Clockwork and CWM – is a custom recovery for Android phones and tablets that allows you to perform several advanced recovery, restoration, installation and maintenance operations on your Android device that aren’t possible with the stock recovery. In what follows, we will cover all that this recovery is capable of doing, and how to do it. We do not discuss Touch recovery (and you shouldn’t use it on the ET4G) or Rogue recovery here. Those are different tuts…
All About Android Recovery
All Android devices ship with a recovery console that is basically a partition on the device’s internal memory and can be booted into. The stock recovery of almost all Android devices provides a few basic yet handy options that allow you to factory reset your device and also to recover its operating system using an official ROM in zip format, but that’s all you can do with it. That’s where a custom recovery comes handy.
A custom Android recovery basically replaces the stock recovery with one that lets you do all you can do with the stock recovery, plus a plethora of more options to give you a lot more control on your device. With a custom recovery, you can install official and unofficial ROMs as well as other updates including apps, themes, kernels etc. using zip files, wipe not just user data but pretty much every partition on your device, mount the storage card for USB mass storage access without leaving recovery, partition your SD card, wipe Dalvik cache and battery stats, fix permissions, perform, manage and restore backups and so on.
Introduction to ClockworkMod
ClockworkMod recovery is one of the most widely used custom Android recoveries that is available for most mainstream Android devices. It is the needed recovery for AOKP, AOSP, CM7 and 9. ClockworkMod recovery has been developed by Koushik Dutta (also known as Koush) – the same guy who brought us the Android ROM Manager.
Booting into ClockworkMod
On most Android devices including ones by Samsung, you can enter recovery by powering your device off and then powering it back on while keeping either the ‘Volume Down’ or the ‘Volume-Up’ button pressed, depending on the device (volume up for our phones). This will enter the bootloader from where you can select the ‘RECOVERY’ option by navigating to it with the Volume key and entering it with the ‘Power’ key.
On most Samsung devices specifically Samsung Galaxy S series devices, you must keep both the ‘Volume-Up’ and ‘Home’ keys pressed while powering on the device, to directly enter recovery.
Tour
1.reboot system now
This one is self-explanatory.
2.apply update from sdcard
This can be used for installation of any official or unofficial update, ROM, kernel, theme etc. that is in a zip format installable from recovery, as long as the file is named update.zip and it has been placed on the root of your SD card (i.e. not in any sub-folder). Selecting this option (and most of the options featured below) will bring up a rather annoying confirmation prompt but this has saved us on multiple occasions from a lot of trouble we would have been into due to accidental key presses. This is what we are talking about:
3. wipe data/factory reset
This option wipes all user data on the device as well as cache. Doing this will leave your phone in the state it was in when you bought it or when any custom ROM was first installed. It will also wipe any sd-ext partition that you might have setup (more on this later).
4. wipe cache partition
Wipes the cache partition of the device to clear all the data accumulated there over use. This is often used before installing a new ROM, app, kernel or any similar mod via recovery.
5. install zip from sdcard
This option brings up the following sub-menu:
1. apply /sdcard/update.zip
This one is essentially the same as the ‘apply update from sdcard’ option of the main menu.
2. choose zip from sdcard
Lets you install any zip file (with any name) from any location on your SD card. The file can be for a ROM, a kernel, an application, a theme or any mod as long as it is in recovery-flashable zip format. This is the most widely used option for installing a ROM that you have downloaded and copied to your SD card.
3. toggle signature verification
Turns the signature verification on and off. When signature verification is on, you will not be able to install any custom ROMs that haven’t been signed by the developers (most custom ROMs aren’t signed). Switching it off skips the signature verification check and proceeds with the installation.
4. toggle script asserts
Seldom-used option for a vast majority of users. It simply turns script asserts on or off. If you don’t know about these (we don’t), it’s best not to change this option.
5. +++++Go Back+++++
Takes you back to the main recovery menu, obviously!
6. backup and restore Undoubtedly one of the most important features provided by a custom recovery, the backup and restore feature – also known as Nandroid backup – allows you to take a snapshot of your phone’s entire internal memory including all partitions, and save it on the SD card.
1. Backup
Takes a Nandroid backup, as explained above.
2. Restore
Lets you restore a previously taken backup. Entering this option presents you with a list of existing backups from the SD card that you can choose from for restoration.
3. Advanced Restore
This option is similar to the Restore option but once a backup has been selected to be restored, this option allows you to choose what parts of it to restore. You can choose to restore the boot, system, data, cache and sd-ext partitions.
7. mounts and storage
Allows you to perform maintenance tasks on all the internal and external partitions of your android device
1. mount/unmount /system, /data, /cache, /sdcard or /sd-ext
These options let you toggle between mounting or unmounting these respective partitions. Most users don’t need to change these options.
2. format boot, system, data, cache, sdcard or sd-ext
These let you directly format any of these partitions. Take extreme care with this option as formatting any of these partitions will result in losing all data on them, especially the boot and system partitions. Formatting the system partition will remove your ROM and leave your phone without an operating system while wiping the boot partition may brick your phone unless you restore or flash another one before rebooting your device.
3. mount USB storage
Lets you enable USB mass storage mode for your SD card right from recovery so that you can connect it to your computer via USB and transfer any files to/from it without having to leave recovery.
8. advanced
This section contains a few options most users will not require, though these can come handy quite often, especially wiping Dalvik cache, which is required before most ROM installations.
1. Reboot Recovery
Lets you directly and very conveniently reboot from recovery right back into recovery. This is useful option for certain back-to-back installations that require the device to at least boot once between them.
2. Wipe Dalvik Cache
Allows you to wipe the cache for the Dalvik virtual machine (the custom-built Java virtual machine for Android).This is required before most ROM installations and at other occasions too, for fixing some problems.
3. Wipe Battery Stats
Wipes the saved battery usage statistics and effectively recalibrates the battery. Useful in various scenarios when Android isn’t showing correct battery levels.
4. Report Error
In case of errors, this feature can be used to save a log of recent ClockworkMod recovery operations on the SD card that you can later report from Android using ROM Manager.
5. Key Test
Lets you press any of the hardware keys to see if they are properly functioning, and to see their key codes.
6. Partition SD Card
This option gives you a no-frills way to partition your SD card properly for use with ROMs that support data2ext (a very handy hack for low internal memory devices that enables an /sd-ext partition on the SD card to be used as the internal user data storage i.e. as the /data partition). Once this option is selected, you will be given options to choose the sizes for the /sd-ext partition as well as an optional /swap partition on the SD card, and will then automatically format it for you, leaving the remaining space for normal SD card usage. This option will wipe all data from your SD card so use it with caution!
7. Fix Permissions
Fixes the file permissions for the internal memory partitions back to default. This is very useful as a fix for several errors and Force-Closes that start appearing after you or an application you installed and provided root access end up messing up the permissions of important files.
Using ClockworkMod for ROM, kernel, apps, theme or mod installation
While in the complete feature tour we have already shown you how to install a ROM, kernel, app, theme or any similar mod from a recovery-flashable zip file using the recovery options, those of you who jumped straight to this section expecting to get just this information quickly are at the right place!
This guide is primary focused on a full feature tour of ClockworkMod recovery but in our previously written guide on how to flash a ROM or app from a zip to an Android device file from recovery, we have already covered in detail how to use ClockworkMod for installing any ROM, kernel, app, theme or mod using a recovery-flashable zip file. While that guide is based on an older version of ClockworkMod recovery, everything in it still applies to the latest versions and should work flawlessly.
How To Install A ROM Or App From Zip File To Android Device From Recovery
Please note that the terms ‘installing’ and ‘flashing’ can be used interchangeably here and will mean the same thing.
Disclaimer: Although I have done my best to make the following procedure as safe as possible, you should still follow this guide at your own risk.
Rooting your device renders its warranty void.
ALWAYS take backups before rooting or flashing a custom ROM or app to your phone.
Flashing a defective ROM or app to your phone might brick it so choose the ROMs and software that you flash wisely and never install a ROM or application from an untrusted source.
AddictiveTips will not be liable if your device gets damaged or bricked during the process.
Official ROM updates from device manufacturers or carriers are released in conveniently packaged installation files that you can run on your computer while your Android device is connected to it, and they automatically take care of updating your phone’s system. Similarly, most applications are available directly in the Android Market for easy installation, or come packaged as convenient ‘.apk’ files that you can just run on your Android phone to install. The case is not the same with most custom ROMs and several custom applications, which come in .zip files rather than PC installers or .apk files.
The idea of installing a customized operating system to their smartphone can be quite intimidating for inexperienced users. Though once they get used to it, some of them end up trying out different ROMs for their devices several times a day. While I don’t exactly recommend that you flash every new ROM that is made available for your Android phone, we are here to help you get over the fear of flashing a ROM that enhances the capabilities of your device so that you can use it to its fullest potential.
Here is a quick look at what we will be covering in this guide. Feel free to skip to the real deal if you already meet the prerequisites.
• Before We Begin: Battery Check
• Before We Begin: Unlocking the Bootloader (Stock Android Devices Only)
• Before We Begin: Rooting
• Before We Proceed: Installing a Custom Recovery
• The Real Deal: Installing a Custom ROM to your Phone
• The Real Deal: Installing an App From a Zip File to your Phone
There are certain steps that you might not require, and we shall be mentioning them in each section.
Before We Begin: Battery Check
Before you proceed with any of the following steps, make sure your phone’s battery level is not too low. It is recommended to have it at 50% or more. Do NOT take this lightly. If your phone’s battery runs out while you are attempting to flash a custom ROM, there is a significant chance of your phone getting bricked and becoming unusable PERMANENTLY.
Before We Begin:Unlocking the Bootloader (Stock Android Devices Only)
Note: This step applies only to Android devices with stock version of Android installed. At the moment, Google Nexus One and Nexus S are the only two such devices available. You may skip this step if you are using any other Android device.
Users of stock Android devices such as the Google Nexus One or Nexus S also need to unlock its bootloader before they can proceed. Once you have done this, you may proceed to the next step.
Before We Begin: Rooting
Note: You may skip this step if your device is already rooted, or if you already know how to root it.
Before you can install a custom ROM to your device, your phone needs to be rooted. Rooting is basically administrator or root level access required to perform administrative tasks on your Android device. Once you are done with the rooting process, you may proceed to the next step.
Before We Proceed: Installing A Custom Recovery
Note: You may skip this step if you already have a custom recovery installed on your device.
Rooting grants you the necessary access level to execute administrative tasks on your Android device but it is the recovery that provides the tools necessary to actually perform those tasks. While every Android device ships with a recovery, the stock recovery is quite limited in what it lets you do, and you need a custom recovery image to perform advanced operations on your device. Once you have a custom recovery installed on your phone, you will be ready to proceed to the next step.
The Real Deal: Installing a Custom ROM to your Phone
Now that you have a custom recovery installed on your phone, you can perform all sorts of wonderful advanced operations on your device and this includes the ability to flash a ROM or application from a zip file. The procedure is pretty standard for most ROMs, though there are certain ROMs which require additional steps for their installation. Since those steps differ from ROM to ROM, pay attention to instructions and this includes only the standard instructions here.
• Manually
1. Download the ROM from the link given in the article featuring that ROM. It should be a zip file.
2. Connect your phone to your computer via USB and mount its storage card.
3. Copy the downloaded ROM to the root of the storage card.
4. Power your phone off and reboot it into recovery. This will involve using a combination of your device’s hardware keys. Once in recovery, you can navigate its menu using the volume up and volume down hardware keys or your phone’s trackball / optical track pad if it comes equipped with one.
5. Use the ‘backup and restore’ feature of recovery to backup your existing ROM installation, software and data. This step is known as performing a nandroid backup. ALWAYS perform a backup before flashing a custom ROM, UNLESS you can afford to lose everything that’s on your phone at the moment.
Note: ALWAYS choose to perform the following steps 6, 7 and 8 UNLESS the ROM you are attempting to flash is an updated version of the same ROM that you are currently using, and is compatible with the current installation’s data. It is usually mentioned with the update whether you can install it over a previous version without wiping its data or not.
6. Get back to the main recovery menu and use the option ‘wipe data/factory reset’. You will be prompted to confirm this action. Select “Yes – Delete all user data”.
7. From the main recovery menu, select ‘wipe cache partition’. You will be prompted to confirm this action. Select ‘Yes – Wipe Cache’.
8. From the main recovery menu, enter the ‘advanced’ menu. From this menu, select ‘Wipe Dalvik Cache’. You will be prompted to confirm this action. Select ‘Yes – Format/System’.
9. From the main recovery menu, enter the ‘Mounts and Storage’ menu. From this menu, select ‘Format/System’. You will be prompted to confirm this action. Select ‘Yes – Wipe Dalvik Cache’.
10. Go back to the main recovery menu by pressing the back button and select the ‘Install zip from SD card’ option.
11. Select ‘choose zip from sdcard’ to get a list of the files and folders on your SD card. Scroll to the ROM’s file that you copied there in step 3, and select it. You will be prompted to confirm this action. Select ‘Yes – Install file_name.zip’ where file_name.zip is the name of the zip file that you are trying to install.
12. Wait patiently while the ROM is flashed to your phone via recovery.
13. Once the installation is complete, head back to the main recovery menu if you aren’t there, and select ‘reboot system now’. Your phone will now boot into the newly installed ROM.
The Real Deal: Installing an App From a Zip File to your Phone
While most apps for Android devices are available at the app store for direct download and installation or as .apk files for direct installation, there are certain apps which are only available as zip files installable from recovery. Their installation procedure is the same as installing a custom ROM that we just featured above. However, there are a few minute differences.
• When installing an app from a zip file, you do NOT need to perform the ‘wipe data/factory reset’ or ‘wipe/system’ step so NEVER do that unless you know what you are doing, have a complete backup and want to start using your ROM as a fresh installation with the new app added.
• You might or might not need to wipe the cache and the dalvik cache for installing apps from zip file. This varies from app to app and the developers of such apps as well as many reviewers including us mention when featuring an app whether it requires a cache and dalvik cache wipe or not. However, it never hurts to wipe these caches anyway, and it does not effect the data on your device or its storage card.
There you go, this concludes the guide on how to flash a ROM or app from a zip file to your Android device using a custom recovery. To try out the skills that you just learned, search our site for custom ROMs for your phone and start flashing, always remembering to take backups first!

LOL x2

very nice guide........ also add CWM.zip madteam . skin with original thread link............
Sent from my GT-S6102 using Tapatalk 2

cwm link attached

one of da best threads in this forum,thx.

deathviper said:
What Is ClockworkMod Recovery And How To Use It On Android​
ClockworkMod – also known as Clockwork and CWM – is a custom recovery for Android phones and tablets that allows you to perform several advanced recovery, restoration, installation and maintenance operations on your Android device that aren’t possible with the stock recovery. In what follows, we will cover all that this recovery is capable of doing, and how to do it. We do not discuss Touch recovery (and you shouldn’t use it on the ET4G) or Rogue recovery here. Those are different tuts…
All About Android Recovery
All Android devices ship with a recovery console that is basically a partition on the device’s internal memory and can be booted into. The stock recovery of almost all Android devices provides a few basic yet handy options that allow you to factory reset your device and also to recover its operating system using an official ROM in zip format, but that’s all you can do with it. That’s where a custom recovery comes handy.
A custom Android recovery basically replaces the stock recovery with one that lets you do all you can do with the stock recovery, plus a plethora of more options to give you a lot more control on your device. With a custom recovery, you can install official and unofficial ROMs as well as other updates including apps, themes, kernels etc. using zip files, wipe not just user data but pretty much every partition on your device, mount the storage card for USB mass storage access without leaving recovery, partition your SD card, wipe Dalvik cache and battery stats, fix permissions, perform, manage and restore backups and so on.
Introduction to ClockworkMod
ClockworkMod recovery is one of the most widely used custom Android recoveries that is available for most mainstream Android devices. It is the needed recovery for AOKP, AOSP, CM7 and 9. ClockworkMod recovery has been developed by Koushik Dutta (also known as Koush) – the same guy who brought us the Android ROM Manager.
Booting into ClockworkMod
On most Android devices including ones by Samsung, you can enter recovery by powering your device off and then powering it back on while keeping either the ‘Volume Down’ or the ‘Volume-Up’ button pressed, depending on the device (volume up for our phones). This will enter the bootloader from where you can select the ‘RECOVERY’ option by navigating to it with the Volume key and entering it with the ‘Power’ key.
On most Samsung devices specifically Samsung Galaxy S series devices, you must keep both the ‘Volume-Up’ and ‘Home’ keys pressed while powering on the device, to directly enter recovery.
Tour
1.reboot system now
This one is self-explanatory.
2.apply update from sdcard
This can be used for installation of any official or unofficial update, ROM, kernel, theme etc. that is in a zip format installable from recovery, as long as the file is named update.zip and it has been placed on the root of your SD card (i.e. not in any sub-folder). Selecting this option (and most of the options featured below) will bring up a rather annoying confirmation prompt but this has saved us on multiple occasions from a lot of trouble we would have been into due to accidental key presses. This is what we are talking about:
3. wipe data/factory reset
This option wipes all user data on the device as well as cache. Doing this will leave your phone in the state it was in when you bought it or when any custom ROM was first installed. It will also wipe any sd-ext partition that you might have setup (more on this later).
4. wipe cache partition
Wipes the cache partition of the device to clear all the data accumulated there over use. This is often used before installing a new ROM, app, kernel or any similar mod via recovery.
5. install zip from sdcard
This option brings up the following sub-menu:
1. apply /sdcard/update.zip
This one is essentially the same as the ‘apply update from sdcard’ option of the main menu.
2. choose zip from sdcard
Lets you install any zip file (with any name) from any location on your SD card. The file can be for a ROM, a kernel, an application, a theme or any mod as long as it is in recovery-flashable zip format. This is the most widely used option for installing a ROM that you have downloaded and copied to your SD card.
3. toggle signature verification
Turns the signature verification on and off. When signature verification is on, you will not be able to install any custom ROMs that haven’t been signed by the developers (most custom ROMs aren’t signed). Switching it off skips the signature verification check and proceeds with the installation.
4. toggle script asserts
Seldom-used option for a vast majority of users. It simply turns script asserts on or off. If you don’t know about these (we don’t), it’s best not to change this option.
5. +++++Go Back+++++
Takes you back to the main recovery menu, obviously!
6. backup and restore Undoubtedly one of the most important features provided by a custom recovery, the backup and restore feature – also known as Nandroid backup – allows you to take a snapshot of your phone’s entire internal memory including all partitions, and save it on the SD card.
1. Backup
Takes a Nandroid backup, as explained above.
2. Restore
Lets you restore a previously taken backup. Entering this option presents you with a list of existing backups from the SD card that you can choose from for restoration.
3. Advanced Restore
This option is similar to the Restore option but once a backup has been selected to be restored, this option allows you to choose what parts of it to restore. You can choose to restore the boot, system, data, cache and sd-ext partitions.
7. mounts and storage
Allows you to perform maintenance tasks on all the internal and external partitions of your android device
1. mount/unmount /system, /data, /cache, /sdcard or /sd-ext
These options let you toggle between mounting or unmounting these respective partitions. Most users don’t need to change these options.
2. format boot, system, data, cache, sdcard or sd-ext
These let you directly format any of these partitions. Take extreme care with this option as formatting any of these partitions will result in losing all data on them, especially the boot and system partitions. Formatting the system partition will remove your ROM and leave your phone without an operating system while wiping the boot partition may brick your phone unless you restore or flash another one before rebooting your device.
3. mount USB storage
Lets you enable USB mass storage mode for your SD card right from recovery so that you can connect it to your computer via USB and transfer any files to/from it without having to leave recovery.
8. advanced
This section contains a few options most users will not require, though these can come handy quite often, especially wiping Dalvik cache, which is required before most ROM installations.
1. Reboot Recovery
Lets you directly and very conveniently reboot from recovery right back into recovery. This is useful option for certain back-to-back installations that require the device to at least boot once between them.
2. Wipe Dalvik Cache
Allows you to wipe the cache for the Dalvik virtual machine (the custom-built Java virtual machine for Android).This is required before most ROM installations and at other occasions too, for fixing some problems.
3. Wipe Battery Stats
Wipes the saved battery usage statistics and effectively recalibrates the battery. Useful in various scenarios when Android isn’t showing correct battery levels.
4. Report Error
In case of errors, this feature can be used to save a log of recent ClockworkMod recovery operations on the SD card that you can later report from Android using ROM Manager.
5. Key Test
Lets you press any of the hardware keys to see if they are properly functioning, and to see their key codes.
6. Partition SD Card
This option gives you a no-frills way to partition your SD card properly for use with ROMs that support data2ext (a very handy hack for low internal memory devices that enables an /sd-ext partition on the SD card to be used as the internal user data storage i.e. as the /data partition). Once this option is selected, you will be given options to choose the sizes for the /sd-ext partition as well as an optional /swap partition on the SD card, and will then automatically format it for you, leaving the remaining space for normal SD card usage. This option will wipe all data from your SD card so use it with caution!
7. Fix Permissions
Fixes the file permissions for the internal memory partitions back to default. This is very useful as a fix for several errors and Force-Closes that start appearing after you or an application you installed and provided root access end up messing up the permissions of important files.
Using ClockworkMod for ROM, kernel, apps, theme or mod installation
While in the complete feature tour we have already shown you how to install a ROM, kernel, app, theme or any similar mod from a recovery-flashable zip file using the recovery options, those of you who jumped straight to this section expecting to get just this information quickly are at the right place!
This guide is primary focused on a full feature tour of ClockworkMod recovery but in our previously written guide on how to flash a ROM or app from a zip to an Android device file from recovery, we have already covered in detail how to use ClockworkMod for installing any ROM, kernel, app, theme or mod using a recovery-flashable zip file. While that guide is based on an older version of ClockworkMod recovery, everything in it still applies to the latest versions and should work flawlessly.
How To Install A ROM Or App From Zip File To Android Device From Recovery
Please note that the terms ‘installing’ and ‘flashing’ can be used interchangeably here and will mean the same thing.
Disclaimer: Although I have done my best to make the following procedure as safe as possible, you should still follow this guide at your own risk.
Rooting your device renders its warranty void.
ALWAYS take backups before rooting or flashing a custom ROM or app to your phone.
Flashing a defective ROM or app to your phone might brick it so choose the ROMs and software that you flash wisely and never install a ROM or application from an untrusted source.
AddictiveTips will not be liable if your device gets damaged or bricked during the process.
Official ROM updates from device manufacturers or carriers are released in conveniently packaged installation files that you can run on your computer while your Android device is connected to it, and they automatically take care of updating your phone’s system. Similarly, most applications are available directly in the Android Market for easy installation, or come packaged as convenient ‘.apk’ files that you can just run on your Android phone to install. The case is not the same with most custom ROMs and several custom applications, which come in .zip files rather than PC installers or .apk files.
The idea of installing a customized operating system to their smartphone can be quite intimidating for inexperienced users. Though once they get used to it, some of them end up trying out different ROMs for their devices several times a day. While I don’t exactly recommend that you flash every new ROM that is made available for your Android phone, we are here to help you get over the fear of flashing a ROM that enhances the capabilities of your device so that you can use it to its fullest potential.
Here is a quick look at what we will be covering in this guide. Feel free to skip to the real deal if you already meet the prerequisites.
• Before We Begin: Battery Check
• Before We Begin: Unlocking the Bootloader (Stock Android Devices Only)
• Before We Begin: Rooting
• Before We Proceed: Installing a Custom Recovery
• The Real Deal: Installing a Custom ROM to your Phone
• The Real Deal: Installing an App From a Zip File to your Phone
There are certain steps that you might not require, and we shall be mentioning them in each section.
Before We Begin: Battery Check
Before you proceed with any of the following steps, make sure your phone’s battery level is not too low. It is recommended to have it at 50% or more. Do NOT take this lightly. If your phone’s battery runs out while you are attempting to flash a custom ROM, there is a significant chance of your phone getting bricked and becoming unusable PERMANENTLY.
Before We Begin:Unlocking the Bootloader (Stock Android Devices Only)
Note: This step applies only to Android devices with stock version of Android installed. At the moment, Google Nexus One and Nexus S are the only two such devices available. You may skip this step if you are using any other Android device.
Users of stock Android devices such as the Google Nexus One or Nexus S also need to unlock its bootloader before they can proceed. Once you have done this, you may proceed to the next step.
Before We Begin: Rooting
Note: You may skip this step if your device is already rooted, or if you already know how to root it.
Before you can install a custom ROM to your device, your phone needs to be rooted. Rooting is basically administrator or root level access required to perform administrative tasks on your Android device. Once you are done with the rooting process, you may proceed to the next step.
Before We Proceed: Installing A Custom Recovery
Note: You may skip this step if you already have a custom recovery installed on your device.
Rooting grants you the necessary access level to execute administrative tasks on your Android device but it is the recovery that provides the tools necessary to actually perform those tasks. While every Android device ships with a recovery, the stock recovery is quite limited in what it lets you do, and you need a custom recovery image to perform advanced operations on your device. Once you have a custom recovery installed on your phone, you will be ready to proceed to the next step.
The Real Deal: Installing a Custom ROM to your Phone
Now that you have a custom recovery installed on your phone, you can perform all sorts of wonderful advanced operations on your device and this includes the ability to flash a ROM or application from a zip file. The procedure is pretty standard for most ROMs, though there are certain ROMs which require additional steps for their installation. Since those steps differ from ROM to ROM, pay attention to instructions and this includes only the standard instructions here.
• Manually
1. Download the ROM from the link given in the article featuring that ROM. It should be a zip file.
2. Connect your phone to your computer via USB and mount its storage card.
3. Copy the downloaded ROM to the root of the storage card.
4. Power your phone off and reboot it into recovery. This will involve using a combination of your device’s hardware keys. Once in recovery, you can navigate its menu using the volume up and volume down hardware keys or your phone’s trackball / optical track pad if it comes equipped with one.
5. Use the ‘backup and restore’ feature of recovery to backup your existing ROM installation, software and data. This step is known as performing a nandroid backup. ALWAYS perform a backup before flashing a custom ROM, UNLESS you can afford to lose everything that’s on your phone at the moment.
Note: ALWAYS choose to perform the following steps 6, 7 and 8 UNLESS the ROM you are attempting to flash is an updated version of the same ROM that you are currently using, and is compatible with the current installation’s data. It is usually mentioned with the update whether you can install it over a previous version without wiping its data or not.
6. Get back to the main recovery menu and use the option ‘wipe data/factory reset’. You will be prompted to confirm this action. Select “Yes – Delete all user data”.
7. From the main recovery menu, select ‘wipe cache partition’. You will be prompted to confirm this action. Select ‘Yes – Wipe Cache’.
8. From the main recovery menu, enter the ‘advanced’ menu. From this menu, select ‘Wipe Dalvik Cache’. You will be prompted to confirm this action. Select ‘Yes – Format/System’.
9. From the main recovery menu, enter the ‘Mounts and Storage’ menu. From this menu, select ‘Format/System’. You will be prompted to confirm this action. Select ‘Yes – Wipe Dalvik Cache’.
10. Go back to the main recovery menu by pressing the back button and select the ‘Install zip from SD card’ option.
11. Select ‘choose zip from sdcard’ to get a list of the files and folders on your SD card. Scroll to the ROM’s file that you copied there in step 3, and select it. You will be prompted to confirm this action. Select ‘Yes – Install file_name.zip’ where file_name.zip is the name of the zip file that you are trying to install.
12. Wait patiently while the ROM is flashed to your phone via recovery.
13. Once the installation is complete, head back to the main recovery menu if you aren’t there, and select ‘reboot system now’. Your phone will now boot into the newly installed ROM.
The Real Deal: Installing an App From a Zip File to your Phone
While most apps for Android devices are available at the app store for direct download and installation or as .apk files for direct installation, there are certain apps which are only available as zip files installable from recovery. Their installation procedure is the same as installing a custom ROM that we just featured above. However, there are a few minute differences.
• When installing an app from a zip file, you do NOT need to perform the ‘wipe data/factory reset’ or ‘wipe/system’ step so NEVER do that unless you know what you are doing, have a complete backup and want to start using your ROM as a fresh installation with the new app added.
• You might or might not need to wipe the cache and the dalvik cache for installing apps from zip file. This varies from app to app and the developers of such apps as well as many reviewers including us mention when featuring an app whether it requires a cache and dalvik cache wipe or not. However, it never hurts to wipe these caches anyway, and it does not effect the data on your device or its storage card.
There you go, this concludes the guide on how to flash a ROM or app from a zip file to your Android device using a custom recovery. To try out the skills that you just learned, search our site for custom ROMs for your phone and start flashing, always remembering to take backups first!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
one of da best threads in this forum,thx

Where can I report bugs from CM 13 ?

[OFFICIAL] TWRP 3.7.0 | DRG/DRG_sprout support thread

Note - I am not responsible for bricked devices
About TeamWin Recovery Project
TWRP is an open source, community project. TWRP development is done by roughly 4 people at this point. We also have a large support community with many people who are willing to answer questions and help people with their devices either through our Zulip channel or on forums like xda-developers.
Team Win was originally formed to work on porting WiMAX to CM7 for the HTC EVO 4G. After our work on the EVO 4G we wanted to work on a project that would work on more devices than just the EVO 4G and we settled on working on a recovery. Today TWRP is the leading custom recovery for Android phones.
A custom recovery is used for installing custom software on your device. This custom software can include smaller modifications like rooting your device or even replacing the firmware of the device with a completely custom "ROM" like OmniROM
You can find the source code for TWRP at github.com/teamwin/android_bootable_recovery/
Installation procedure
1 . Download the latest TWRP img file from the downloads page
2. Boot to fastboot, and use a PC to boot into TWRP using the command: fastboot boot (TWRP filename).img
3. Head to TWRP's advanced section
4. Press "Flash Current TWRP"
Note: the installed TWRP will be lost if you flash another ROM or update your ROM, and the process has to be repeated then.
Find the Nokia 6.1 Plus (OPEN SOURCE!) Community here​
XDA DevDB Information
TWRP for the Nokia 6.1 Plus / X6
Device Tree
Version Information
Status: Stable
Current Stable Version: 3.6.0
Like my work? Consider donating!
https://ko-fi.com/Sid127
UPI users - [email protected]

Great job !

Official builds are now up for download, please refrain from downloading any version other than v3.6.0

Will it work for Android 12? Thanks for the good work...

goodlife1870 said:
Will it work for Android 12? Thanks for the good work...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
yessir, you can flash any ROM that our device supports with this TWRP

Sid127 said:
yessir, you can flash any ROM that our device supports with this TWRP
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks so much Sir Sid127... I appreciate...

How awesome is that - thank you for your hard work, @Sid127.
TWRP's new Advanced -> "Flash Current TWRP" feature has the same effect as its predecessor "Install Recovery Ramdisk", with the advantage of not having to manually select the twrp.img file and then flash it - very convenient! So more appropriately it should be labeled "Flash (or Install) Current TWRP as Recovery Ramdisk". Both features enable booting into TWRP rather than the ROM's built-in recovery when choosing to boot into Recovery.
So here's my report:
(Almost) all ¹ is working mighty fine on my new Nokia 6.1 with the official LineageOS 18.1 (Android 11) ROM, except three things (+ one feature missing):
1) After (while booted into LOS) formatting my SD card as internal and having LOS move all data from phone internal to SD, making the SD card the only/ exclusive Internal, TWRP does't or can't access the SD card anymore.
As supposed, I have a PIN set in LOS. Once TWRP has booted, I enter the PIN as requested by TWRP, but after doing so, only see (as before with the SD as mobile storage) that DATA gets decrypted successfully, but no mention of or even an attempt to also decrypt the content of the SD card.
In TWRP storage picker, I do see my SD card with full size (appr. 128 GB), + Internal Storage (19 of the nominal 32GB). But regardless if I choose Internal Storage or MicroSD, TWRP does not see my previous backups (which are now on the encrypted "internal" SD).
Same in TWRP File Manager: the content of the SD formatted as and then dedicated as sole internal and thus encrypted by LOS does not show up anywhere (SDCARD/ SDCARD1/ Storage/ mnt etc.).
Still, after choosing "Internal Storage" as backup location, TWRP does backup. Afterwards I can choose that backup via "Restore", and also see it in File Manager in /sdcard/TWRP. But when I boot LOS, I do not see the new backup in /sdcard/TWRP, only the older ones. The new backup is nowhere to be found, not even via FX File Manger with root privs, querying the entire file System. Obviously TWRP created the backup into the phone's real internal, but LOS has blinded that out after migrating Internal -> SD, most likely by means of a virtual symlink internal /sdcard -> external /sdcard1, and TWRP does not honor that.
Therefore backup options right now are:
- backup to USB via OTG (only partially working, see 3) below)
- backup to internal phone storage, then (while still in TWRP) move (copy then delete) the backup via MTP from internal to a storage on one's computer
All that said, the following (non-exclusionary) questions arise:
1. Are you aware of that?
2. Can you or somebody else reproduce this?
3. Is this fixable somehow, either in TWRP or in LOS?
4. Is this a shortcoming of TWRP in general, failing to also decrypt an SD card if a) it's formatted as internal and b) serves as the phones *only* internal?
5. Or is that an issue that only arises with LOS (18.1) but not with other Android 11 ROMs?
I hope some insights on this issue can be shared and gathered, or even better a fix
2) fastboot reboot recovery doesn't work for me; instead my ROM boots.
Nokia connected to my Mac via USB cable and booted into bootloader. Active slot is the correct one with TWRP and my ROM (LineageOS 18.1, Android 11).
I can however boot TWRP just fine via key combo (Volume Up + Power), and also via Magisk in LineageOS, so it's installed correctly.
3) USB OTG is only working with limitations:
works if TWRP was flashed/ installed as per instructions above, then (with the device powered off and (via USB cable) either connected to your computer or plugged into your charger) boot TWRP via the Power/ Volume Up key combo. (This also works in native install - not recommended because then standard boot will boot into TWRP as default rather than into your ROM)
- NOT working if booted live!
on your connected USB drive, TWRP only sees the 1st partition with a compatible file system (FATxy, ExFAT, ExtFS) incl. the EFI partition! Therefore make sure a) your USB drive does not have an EFI partition as 1st partition; b) the partition you want to backup to is the 1st with one of the compatible file systems!
4) The "Fix Recovery Bootloop" feature option in the "Advanced" section is missing. I was experiencing a boot loop and had to live-boot another TWRP to execute that feaure, which did fix the issue as expected. @Sid127 it would be great if you could re-add that feature.
________________________________________
¹ run live via fastboot w/o flash, flash then boot, decrypt, backup, restore, USB OTG partially

@BladeRunnerA2C @goodlife1870
has any of you inserted an SD card, and if so, have you formatted it as Internal in Android, and then confirmed when Android asked to move all data from Internal Storage to now "internal" SD, making the SD the only internal?
And if so, can TWRP see that?
For the context see my previous post. Trying to narrow things down.

Does fastboot reboot recovery work for anybody? Instead my ROM boots.
Nokia connected to my Mac via USB cable and booted into bootloader. Active slot is the correct one with TWRP and my ROM (LineageOS 18.1, Android 11).
I can however boot TWRP just fine via key combo (Volume Up + Power), and also via Magisk in LineageOS, so it's installed correctly.
When you share if it's working or also not working for you, please let us know your OS + version of fastboot.

twrp-3.6.1_9-0-DRG_sprout.img | ChangeLog

@RootedLee
1 and 3) If I'm not mistaken, SD card as internal is only supported by the ROM, and not by TWRP, and has been a limitation since Marshmallow days. As for USB OTG, most people don't use partitioned USB drives, and hence TWRP returns after finding the first compatible partition.
2) fastboot reboot recovery isn't a valid command on our device, sadly, since the recovery image is embedded in the boot image and not its own partition.
4) I sadly have no control over TWRP features, I can only work on device side things.

hey @Sid127 Friendly Neighborhood Cacodemon, good to hear from you
SD card as internal can't generally be accessed by TWRP if encrypted: OK, bummer - esp. in the light of that you say it's been requested/ suggested since "prehistoric" times. Needless to say it's feasible technically because TWRP can decrypt /Data. Oh well..
TWRP USB OTG:
a) only finding the first compatible partition: as long as only attaching a USB flash drive - OK. But when attaching an external hard disk whose 1st partition usually is the ESP when it's partitioned as GUID, that's inconvenient. At least a function to skip the ESP would make a lot of sense.
b) reliability: does it always work on your Nokia and in any scenario, regardless if you boot into TWRP via key combo after powering on, or from your running ROM?
2) fastboot reboot recovery & 4.) OK, gotcha
BTW did you do the current 3.6.1 port for this Nokia?

@Sid127 I have a (hopefully simple to implement) request: could you add the "Fix Recovery Bootloop" patch into the "Advanced" menu? Because for the Nokia 6.1 (2018) it's necessary.
Would be really awesome if that's not too much out of your way

RootedLee said:
hey @Sid127 Friendly Neighborhood Cacodemon, good to hear from you
SD card as internal can't generally be accessed by TWRP if encrypted: OK, bummer - esp. in the light of that you say it's been requested/ suggested since "prehistoric" times. Needless to say it's feasible technically because TWRP can decrypt /Data. Oh well..
TWRP USB OTG:
a) only finding the first compatible partition: as long as only attaching a USB flash drive - OK. But when attaching an external hard disk whose 1st partition usually is the ESP when it's partitioned as GUID, that's inconvenient. At least a function to skip the ESP would make a lot of sense.
b) reliability: does it always work on your Nokia and in any scenario, regardless if you boot into TWRP via key combo after powering on, or from your running ROM?
2) fastboot reboot recovery & 4.) OK, gotcha
BTW did you do the current 3.6.1 port for this Nokia?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
yes indeed, 3.6.1 is also out, and it supposedly fixes adoptable storage, so maybe give that a whirl
RootedLee said:
@Sid127 I have a (hopefully simple to implement) request: could you add the "Fix Recovery Bootloop" patch into the "Advanced" menu? Because for the Nokia 6.1 (2018) it's necessary.
Would be really awesome if that's not too much out of your way
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
as much as I'd love to implement features, there's not much I can do on that front because it's again a source side thing and not a device side thing

You are right - 3.6.1 did fix adoptable storage, thanks for letting me know (that fact slipped my attention somehow).
"Fix Recovery Bootloop" patch: OK, gotcha. With 3.6.1 + the latest LOS boot/ recovery that error seems to be fixed anyway
Keep up your friendly neighborhood commitment !

Correction: support for adoptable storage ("AS") is not fully implemented into TWRP 3.6.1:
- in File Manager it's still only the internal storage which shows up
- in the 'Select Storage' dialogue only 'Internal' can be selected, which is still only the internal but not the merged internal/ SD AS
I simply hadn't migrated any data yet which is why all data still resides on internal.
I'm beyond sick & tried of this (not just in TWRP but all across Android) faultily implemented "AS BS" and will revert back to mobile storage for the SD card!

RootedLee said:
will try. Thanks for the links (I had already come across some of them during my research). Quick question in between (just have a minute right now): could it be of any help to edit the twrp.img and replace contained tar binary with the GNU one?
OT: this whole thread should be moved to the TWRP section where it belongs to in the first place because this is a TWRP not a Xiaomi Redmi Note 3 issue to begin with
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
actually (gnu) gtar is only used by my own linux scripts (to imitate twrp look-a-like backup) and schily (standard) star only used by android-backup-extractor. /sbin/tar -> toybox is a symlink, if you want to replace make sure to unlink /sbin/tar first. but it's not used by twrpTar anyway therefore pointless. your backup looks completely broken, try with another backup first. once you ruled out Error 255 you could try to repair backup

@aIecxs smart and circumspect of you to continue the issue (TWRP restore not producing a functional system from FBE (file-based encryption) Data backup after factory reset: either stuck before reaching login screen, or tar error 255 trying to restore Data) here
Now guess what: I'M BACK UP 'N RUNNING !!!! Even (almost) all apps appear to be working fine apart from a few apps which realize that security settings have changed but performed just fine again after restoring from their own built-in backups, see below ¹ (exceptions also see below ²)
Eventually (after all the steps I had already documented in the other thread), here's the only things I just did:
with LOS installed to slot B unencrypted (no PIN), booted into stock TWRP
because the last backup I made with TWRP from my working and encrypted (PIN > FBE) install was in slot A, changed slot to A
thought, what the heck - just try and see if restore of Data (which so far, if I booted into TWRP with an unecrypted Data present and TWRP not asking for the decrypt PW, had always failed with the notorious tar error 255) works, and indeed, it would suddenly run!!!
decided to at this point to only also restore Boot, but not (yet) System
BOOM - back to Homescreen WITHOUT having to enter any PW thus NOT encrypted - Yeeha !!
the Homescreen launcher (stock LOS Trebuchet) was behaving iffy > restart
launcher now working as supposed; everything else (apart from Signal), too, as it seems, incl. Wi-Fi and making calls.
I am not 100% sure but I think the main do-jobbie indeed was
Code:
./busybox gzip -cd data.ext4.win00# | ./tar --selinux --xattrs -P -vxp
run via adb shell, based on your script, along with the special SELinux tar + busybox (all info see here), + the unencrypted install (currently on the other slot), maybe changing the slot to the inactive one and restore form there - I am honestly not sure.
I am SOOO thrilled about your high-profile help (esp. looking at the numerous threads over at TWRP/Issues where people were not able to resolve this). Let me know if I can buy you a coffee or something.
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¹ Apps also running again after restoring their built-in backups: Signal, Swift Backup, Banking4
² Country-specific apps of mine which required a reset by deleting their data: luca, SBB Mobile, Payback)
In general, since some apps rely on software keystore, it is worth making recurring backups of the data/misc/vold folder which is said to contain the keystore files.
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PS: Once all apps are verified running, I'll apply multiple backup tools, not just TWRP..

donate to Sid127 don't thank me

agreed, friendly neighborhood Cacodemon @Sid127 deserves a donation - done !