[Q] partitions, /cache and Apps2SD methodology ?? - myTouch 3G Slide Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting

Ok Im having a few issues with my touch slide 3g -- according to app "partitions info lite" it seems that i have the following partitions:
--------------------------------
Partitions on PHONE:
/dev (209mb) [used 0mb]
/asec (209mb) [used 0mb]
/system (240mb) [used 97mb]
/data (145mb) [used 122mb]
/cache (80mb) [used 78mb)
Partitions on SDCARD:
/sd-ext (457mb) [used 41mb]
/sdcard (14671mb) [used 8387mb]
/com.froogloid.kring.google.zxing.client.android-1 (2mb) [used 0mb]
/fm.last.android-1 (2mb) [used 0mb]
--------------------------------
--------------------------------
I have a 16G sd card for music etc...
and was hoping to move all my apps to an sd-card (ext3 or ext4) partition as we all know the phone doesn't have much storage space, the things that puzzles me are:
1. why is the /cache partition so full and how do i clear it - tried a few "cache clearing apps" to no avail... (cachemate, HistoryEraser, etc..)
2. what are partitions /dev and /asec for?
3. can any partitions on phone be removed? Id really like to resize my /data partition so i dont get 'low space warnings" anymore
4. is there such a thing as "partition magic" for android (to resize the /data partition bigger) ?
5. why the 2 funky partitions on SD? I do have "last.fm" and "key-ring" on the phone and guess i can try un-installing and see if the partitions goes away, but a bit weird for both these apps to require their own partitions...
is there a way to remove the partitions from SD and recoup the space used?
6. Ideally id like to move the /cache partition to the sdcard, or offload my large "copy protected" paid apps to a ext3 partition on my large sdcard. I have heard about "Darktremor Apps2SD" but after i tried it all my apps were gone! - luckily i backed up my rom before hand... guess Im a bit lost and seeing guidance from a guru.
I know there are a lot of questions here, im hoping some kind soul can help, perhaps others might have similar problems.
-s
My device:
---------------------------
HTC Tmobile My touch Slide
S-off
Cyanogenmod 6.1.1 (2.6.29.6)
android 2.2.1
build# frg83

Related

[Dev Q] mount 2nd ext partition as mmcblk0p3?

Hope this is in the right section, I need help from a developer on this as I don't quite understand what is needed to do this.
I use Gingervillain and the DT a2sd. What I want to do is move my /cache (not dalvik cache but the partition itself) to ext.
I have the commands all ready to do this and that aspect works fine (thanks to help from droidzone).
However, as its sharing the ext partition with DT, when I mount cache there, the apps don't work. Added to which if a market app is downloaded, it downloads the apk to the cache folder I created on ext fine. When it attempts to intall, it fails.
I assume (with my limited knowledge) that there is a conflict here due to multiple mounts on the same partition. I initially thought my mount cache command needed to with the same options that DT mounts, but cant find that reference in his script or the files it calls.
So I have created a 2nd ext partition, but I dont know how to use it. I thought it would automatically be mmcblk0p3, but I cant find it that way using adb.
I know data2ext uses multiple partitions for sqlite etc, but cant for the life of me work this out.
Can anyone point me in the right direction please?
The aim of this is to develop myself a cache2sd solution. I have searched around a lot but can't find one. I thought CM had one but cannot find that either.
Further to this, ls /dev/block lists mmcblk0p3
However,
Code:
busybox mount -o noatime,nodiratime -t auto /dev/block/mmcblk0p3 /system/sd
Returns
Code:
failed: Invalid Argument
but
Code:
busybox mount -o noatime,nodiratime -t auto /dev/block/mmcblk0p2 /system/sd
Works fine.
Does anyone have any idea how I can use the second EXT partition at all or any tips or info please?
format
rootSU said:
Does anyone have any idea how I can use the second EXT partition at all or any tips or info please?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
format mmcblk0p3 in ext4 format and mount it
susmaz said:
format mmcblk0p3 in ext4 format and mount it
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Better 2.5 years late than never
Although that would not have been the answer.
Why do you need this 2nd partition??
If i understnad correctly you want the cache on a ext partition, so the play store can download to this partition and than install the apk to intern bzw. The prim ext??

sd-ext/a2sd - 128mb free /data: insufficient memory

Perhaps I don't understand the purpose of sd-ext/4ext/a2sd etc [I'm sure this is the case!]
I'm running the Aurora v3 rom - basically a sense2.1 with an ext partition. I cannot understand why I've 128mb free in /data after installing pretty much all my apps yet I'm getting insufficient storage errors; I can't install anything despite having a lot of /data free- it seems if my sd-ext if nearly full I can't use my /data?
1. The rom's files flash to /system, and a few to /data. As it's large, we partition the sd card with a 4ext part of say 342mb for overspill of the system/data files.
2. If we change the hboot (to cm7) such that the /system is smaller - overflowing into sd-ext - we get a larger /data partition for apps on the internal memory. (I've done this for for Oxygen/Redux roms and had over 340mb /data with no sd-ext.) Thus alpharev say's we'd get 287mb /data.
3. This rom installs apps to /sd-ext, and/or /data[?]; in Android's App usage I'm reporting 152mb used, 135mb free (the 287mb /data?); and 128mb free storage.
4. 4ext recovery reports 1.7mb free of 342mb for sd-ext - it's full. Which makes sense if apps install to /sd-ext, but why not fill the internal /data first? adb shell df -h gives:
Code:
Filesystem Size Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/block/mtdblock4 5.0M 796.0K 4.2M 16% /cache
/dev/block/mmcblk0p1 7.1G 4.5G 2.6G 63% /sdcard
/dev/block/mtdblock5 287.6M 159.3M 128.3M 55% /data
/dev/block/mmcblk0p2 331.3M 329.6M 1.7M 99% /sd-ext
/dev/block/mtdblock3 145.0M 122.8M 22.2M 85% /system
5. To me this means /data has 128mb free for apps; sd-ext is full with system files and apps - seeming to me that apps take space up on both /data and /sd-ext, duplicating space usage. Obviously I'm wrong on this but that's how I see my space disappearing lol Yet I cannot install any apps as I've insufficient storage.
6. Clearly I'm misunderstanding things after installing just 150mb apps and thinking I'd have 287mb of apps /data, not just /sd-ext: why shrink hboot's /system to make a large /data if the apps go to sd-ext?
7. I've not moved dalvik cache to sd as I thought I'd not need to given the seemingly large /data, and it's free amount. Clearly I can do so but why isn't my /data space available?
Sorry for long post and sounding dumb, I'm really trying not to be!
These Roms use sdext for both Rom and part of the apps and possibly dalvik too. Traditionally it would just be apps and maybe dalvik.
With these bigger roms, you need bigger ext to get the same. Yes when ext is full, you can't install anything. Maybe you need a bigger ext partition
Sent from my HTC Desire using XDA App
Thanks for the reply.
That's what I thought - I just cannot understand why I cannot use the free /data though; what's the point of changing to the CM7 hboot when your /data is limited to that of the sd-ext? Isn't it doubling up on storage use by apps, placing them in sd-ext and /data, and when one is full you can't utilise the other?
Sorry for sounding stupid, it just makes no sense to me.
btw I checked out your dGB, looks great. I do love miinimalist roms but also prize my Sense-720p'd camera!
No its not doubling up. The point is that /data/app and /data/dalvik-cache are symlinked to /sd-ext/app and /sd-ext/dalvik-cache.
However, /data/data where the libs, preferences and databases are, remain on /data/data
So when you install an .apk, it installs the app to /sd-ext/app, the dalvik is created on /sd-ext/dalvik-cache and the libs & db's etc will install to /data/data
If sd-ext is full, there is no where for the apk to go.
Thanks for clearing that up for me, I feel kinda stupid - I just couldn't get my head around it: why the nand wasn't being used for apk placement but I see they are split up and components spread over the combined sd-ext and /data. Thanks!
No probs. Not seen you on AF for a while?
OT
Android Forum? = xda? I've been offline a lot recently as this Indian Summer has made for some prime ultrarunning weather, but also takes a ton of time (by definition) although I've been rocking Redux/Aurora roms recently. Just been perusing the Desire forum today and there's been a ton of awesome rom progress since my last visit. I remember your help and work on Redux/thread/pm, great stuff. Still a beginner but it's very interesting learning this stuff, just also takes a lot of time for a non programmer!
Of potential note, 'found' a bug in gnu parted trying to partition out a 512mb 4ext sd-ext via 4EXTRecovery (madmaxx82 located it, I merely experienced it!) Always feels good to in a tiny way contribute

Change Download Location for Market/Play?

Apologies ahead of time if this has been answered before. I spent about 30 minutes Googling and trying solutions without any luck.
My situation is that I'm on MikG 3.11 and am using the built in A2SD to store all the apps on a 2GB SD-Ext partition. I have enough apps that the ~160MB internal /cache partition is pretty much filled with Dalvik Cache files in the /cache/dc subdirectory (only 3MB left on the partition).
Unfortunately, Google Play (formerly Market) seems to download app installs and updates into /cache with file names like "Download.apk" and "Download-1.apk" and then installs the apps from there. Since there is so little space, any app above 1.5MB or so fails to download and install (it seems to need the space for the download and then space to extract the download, so you can only get apps that are about 1/2 the size of the remaining partition space).
Is there any way to change where Google Play/Market downloads apps to install? I've got plenty of space on /data or the SD-Ext partition.
I found old directions to fix this issue by entering the following at terminal to create a sym link for Market to download on the SD card:
Code:
mkdir /mnt/sdcard/market-download-cache
su
cd /cache
mv download download.bak
ln -s /mnt/sdcard/market-download-cache download
ls -ahl
Unfortunately, Play/Market no longer uses a "download" sub-directory on /cache, so this won't work.
To fix the problem, I tried using "a2sd cachesd" to free up space on /cache by moving the Dalvik Cache to the SD-Ext partition, but that made for a really laggy experience (presumably because my SD card has bad random r/w access). I could also presumably just unmount the partition from /cache and make /cache a sym linke to a folder on the SD Ext card, but it doesn't seem that would perform much better.
My only thought at this point for a long term solution is to copy the current /cache contents to /system/sd/cache, mount the current partition on /cache at /mnt/cache (unmounting it from /cache first), create a sym link from /cache to /system/sd/cache, then set up a sym link from /mnt/cache/dc to /system/sd/cache/dc. All of this would have the effect of keeping the Dalvik Cache on the same internal partition where it currently resides while letting Play/Market have plenty of space in the new /cache which would actually be a directory on the SD-Ext partition. But, this seems kind of hacky and could negatively impact other things that might need /cache.
My short term solution is that every time I need to install or update apps, I just go into /cache/dc with Root Explorer and delete a bunch of the cached data to free up enough space for the app(s) and then do the update/install through Play/Market. The OS then seems to recreate the cached information the next time I run the app whose cached data I deleted (for example, I deleted the IMDB cached data and the next time I ran IMDB it took a long time to come up but then worked fine-- presumably the delay was recreating the cached data/app). The OS also seems to recreate the dalvik cached files on boot (not sure if that is a general feature or just in the MikG ROM I'm using).
In any case, I think all of the above is accurate so even if nobody has better solutions, maybe this will help others understand why they can't install/update apps even though it seems they have plenty of space.
If anybody is out there that has a good long term solution to this (like a place you can change the directory where Play/Market downloads), please let me know.
It's probably not cool to respond to your own post, but I had another idea for fixing this problem:
It looks like /data has 140MB of space left on it-- could I move the Dalvik Cache to that partition so there would be plenty of space on /cache to let Market/Play work?
As far as I can tell, /data/dalvik-cache is already a link (maybe a hard link?) to /cache/dc, so presumably I could just switch that to the Dalvik Cache was actually on /data?
Any thoughts on whether this would work and if it is a good idea or bad idea?

[Q] HTC Desire partially broken

Hello!
While trying to install S2E i managed to partially ruin the functionality of my phone. I have an HTC Desire (GSM) running Cyanogenmod 7.1 stable release. I have S-off, root and ClockworkMod Recovery v5.0.2.0.
(I wanted to install a new SD card. In the process I managed to loose all my previous SD card data and I only have a 2 months old back-up from when I was running a different android version, so that will not be very helpful at recuperating many things, but even without the old SD card my phone was still operating correctly besides being unable to run the apps installed on the card. I presume this issue is unrelated to my current problem.)
Here is how I've think I've broken the phone:
- I used Gparted to format a new 8 GB microSD card (class 6) with 1 GB ext4 partition and a FAT32 partition.
- I installed S2E and checked all the options for the OS to use the external storage on the SD card partition.
- It turned out that my partition was not correctly identified by the OS (probably the issue was with using the built-in card reader of the laptop and not a stand alone USB card reader).
- I booted into Recovery Mode and re-formated the SD card with 1 GB of ext3, 32 GB of Swap and the rest as fat.
- After the restart the boot process took a very long time. When the OS finally booted I practically had a fresh install with none of my old settings available (shortcuts, wallpaper, apps etc.). Even the apps stored on the local memory disappeared (S2E, ROM manager, gmail, market etc.) and my home button no longer works. I am unable to receive phone calls since the phone automatically rejects incoming calls. I see incoming calls in the call log and I can make outgoing calls.
I presumed the issue is with mounting the sd-ext partition, but even if I tried to manually mount it after boot I see no change.
I followed these guides to install parted and use 32fsck to see if the partitions are corrupt. I think I have no problems.
Here are the code reports of running parted:
Code:
parted /dev/block/mmcblk0
GNU Parted 1.8.8.1.179-aef3
Using /dev/block/mmcblk0
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) print
print
print
Model: SD 00000 (sd/mmc)
Disk /dev/block/mmcblk0: 7965MB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 32.3kB 6909MB 6909MB primary fat32 lba
2 6909MB 7933MB 1024MB primary ext3
3 7933MB 7965MB 32.0MB primary linux-swap(v1)
and e2fsck:
Code:
e2fsck /dev/block/mmcblk0p2
e2fsck 1.41.6 (30-May-2009)
sd-ext: clean, 1091/499712 files, 129331/999425 blocks
Here is my fstab as well:
Code:
/dev/block/mtdblock4 /cache yaffs2 rw
/dev/block/mtdblock5 /data yaffs2 rw
/dev/block/mtdblock3 /system yaffs2 rw
/dev/block/mmcblk0p1 /sdcard vfat rw
/dev/block/mmcblk0p2 /sd-ext ext3 rw
I presume that a fresh OS install will fix the issues. However I hope I can recover the settings stored on the ROM if I fix the sd-ext partition issue.
I will appreciate any suggestions you might have.
ps: adb push and fstab pull is working only when phone is in Recovery. If the CM7.1 is booted there is no fstab in /etc.
Had a similar issue sometime ago. Sorry to say couldn't fix it. In fact I would say the amount of time you spend trying to fix that issue will outway a fresh install.
If you can do a full backup still and save it to your pc you could do a fresh install and work on the issue without loss of phone functionality. Just my thoughts...
Thanks for your advice!
I ended up going for a fresh install with CM7.1 and S2E.
Thinks are ok now the only problem I have is that I don't see the 1 GB of available space reported correctly. Something like 152 MB is free and a negative value is reported as the used space. The CM option of using expanded internal storage is dimmed but I am not sure if that should be different.
mindcsrusher said:
Thanks for your advice!
I ended up going for a fresh install with CM7.1 and S2E.
Thinks are ok now the only problem I have is that I don't see the 1 GB of available space reported correctly. Something like 152 MB is free and a negative value is reported as the used space. The CM option of using expanded internal storage is dimmed but I am not sure if that should be different.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
No problem. Glad you sorted the issue.
I know with a2sd using standard settings won't show the true size of the parition wont be reported. Something to do with the way it works. If it's working well and letting you install apps with no problems I wouldn't worry too much about

[DEV][19NOV] Native Mount DataOnEXT with DalvikOnNAND (Test #2)

Index
Post 1 - Android Boot Process, Space Restrictions in /data, Usual Workaround scripts that load from init.d
Post 2 - The Permanent Solution for Internal space issues in /data, and how it is executed (Step by Step)
Post 3 - Credits, Benefits, Note on Cache, Note to ROM Makers on ClockWorkMod Updater Script, FAQ
Post 568 - Test ROM for Native Mount DataOnEXT with DalvikOnNAND
Post 622 - Test #2 ROM for Native Mount DataOnEXT with DalvikOnNAND
Thanks to quite a lot of inputs, ideas, testing and feedback, I have been able to give a working solution to reliably mount /data to the EXT partition in our HD2’s SD Card before Android initializes. I am redoing the first three posts of this thread to give a complete info that answers the what, why, how questions.
Before I even start, let me make my objectives clear:
Have a system partition that is as big as I want in NAND, so that I can install any bloated ROM I want without chopping down anything, and yet have a /data partition for all my apps and their bloated data
Avoid using internal (NAND) userdata partition completely, so that if the day comes where my /system is full of bad blocks, I will still be able to create a system partition in the ~900+ MB internal NAND my TMoUS HD2 has
With this method, this is how I am using my phone:
Device - TMoUS HD2
Boot Loader - cLK 1.5.0.9
Partitions (in order) and Sizes - Recovery - 10 MB, Boot - 10 MB, System - 500 MB, Userdata - <I didn't bother >, Misc - 1 MB, Cache - 2 MB.
Recovery - CWM Based Touch Recovery B8
SD Card - 16GB Transcend Class 6 with 4 GB EXT4 Partition (mounted as /data, of course!)
My idea for this setup is that a user should not be having to get into the boot loader or changing partition sizes for every ROM. With this setup, I am having a close-to-native-Android device setup and can flash any ROM I want, without worrying if my partitions will accommodate it.
So what exactly does this method do? Before I answer that, a brief on the Android booting process – Note that this is simplified to meet this thread’s requirement, and not necessarily completely accurate. When you power on the phone the following actions happen…
The Android Boot Process
Bootloader – In HD2’s case, Magldr or cLK – loads the kernel based on how you have configured the phone.
Kernel – The kernel (zImage) is loaded into RAM along with an initial ramdisk (initrd.gz), which initializes various devices (IO, memory, GPU, etc.), interrupts, and mounts the root file system (/). After this, the first user-space process called init is started.
Init – this is a binary file that is contained within the initrd.gz. The init binary processes init.rc and init..rc , along with other .rc files that are called by these two .rc files. Some of the key functions (from this thread’s perspective) in the order of their initialization/ execution are:
The init process follows the instructions in the init.rc and init.xyz.rc files and creates empty directories including /data. It then mounts the storage devices (partitions in the internal NAND (MTD)) to these empty directories. The NAND partition for system is mounted to /system, followed by the partitions specified for data, cache, etc. The directories for dalvik-cache (/data/dalvik-cache) are also created by the init process after mounting the specified device to /data.
The init process then starts various services including adb, service manager, Volume Daemon (vold) for media like SD Card (FAT partition). Most importantly, the zygote service which initiates the Dalivk-Cache is loaded in this sequence.
As we all know, Android is based on Linux. The boot sequence described above is common for all Linux machines – until the zygote stage. Core Android file like core, framework, services, IME, policy, etc. are executed from the Dalvik-Cache and hence Initialization of the Dalvik Cache is pretty much where Android comes into the picture
The sysinit/ run-parts part, which runs scripts from the /system/etc/init.d later the Zygote stage. No matter how this is done, Android has already started loading by the time the boot process comes to executing scripts in /system/etc/init.d
Now that you know what happens when Android boots, you may also have realized that mounting a device to /data happens early in the boot process.
Space Restriction in HD2, and the twist with bad blocks
The 'normal' way to store all OS data (dalvik-cache, Configurations & Settings, Accounts, etc.) and User data (Apps, app data, mails and messages, call logs, etc.) is to have a partition named userdata in the HD2’s NAND, and have it mounted to /data during the init process. The drawback in using the userdata partition is that the space you can have for userdata is inversely affected by the size of your system partition, and whether your phone is an EU/ International HD2 or a TMoUS HD2.
Best case is, if you have a ~100 MB system partition for a really scaled-down, space-optimized OS, you will get about 800+ MB for userdata partition on TMoUS and ~400 MB on an International/ EU HD2. This space might be good enough for a lot of us who only have light-to-medium use of our phones. But for quite a lot of us, this is a bottleneck. As if that is not enough, we have these villainous bad-blocks that creep up slowly, determined to swallow up the internal NAND completely, though it would be several years down the line before that happens
The Workaround
The workaround for this method is to have a script in the /system/etc/init.d that mounts the EXT partition in the SD Card to sd-ext, moves a part of /data from the userdata (NAND) to the EXT partition (sd-ext) and creates symlinks (symbolic link) in /data (userdata) to point to the new location in the EXT partition. In this method you will not see an increase in what the phone shows for internal space. The apps you install and then some more will be installed in the EXT partition, which will be symlinked as /data/app and so on.
The other way is to move the mount point (and the contents) for the /data directory from userdata (NAND) to the EXT partition in the SD Card, mount the userdata (NAND) as sd-ext or some other directory, create dalvik-cache (and maybe /data/data - where all user apps' data are stored) in the userdata and symlink that location back to the EXT partition (which is now /data). In this method, you will get the size of your EXT partition as the internal space. Moving parts of /data to NAND will in theory give you better performance, as the most read/ written part of the phone resides in NAND.
The benefit of these methods is that it is very simple and easy to install on any rooted ROM through the recovery. This method balances performance by moving the static part of /data (like the .apk you install) to the EXT partition, keeping the dynamic part (/data/data – where all app data are stored, or /data/dalvik-cache – from where all apks are executed) in NAND.
The drawbacks with this workaround:
This method is initiated AFTER Android boots. No matter how it is executed or what it does, anything that loads from /system/etc/init.d is executed only after at least some parts of Android loading process is initialized. This leads to weird outcomes – low sound issues, unpredictable behavior of the OS or some apps (Notification Widget toggles not working, etc.), and then some more. There is no reasonable way to predict what issues you may get. In fact you cannot be sure if the issue is with the ROM or if the issue is occurring because of the move2sd script you are using. If you are facing an issue that none others are facing and if you have a move2sd script, then you MUST undo what the script does before you can start troubleshooting.
In some cases, an in place upgrade (upgrading from one version of the same ROM to a higher/ newer version, or upgrading from one ROM to another ROM of the same Android version/ build) will corrupt the apps' data as well as configuration, etc.
Moreover, one move2sd script that works fine with one ROM will not work exactly the same way with another ROM or even an updated version of the same ROM.
There is always some amount hit or miss involved in this workaround!!!
The Solution
…is what this thread is all about. Like we saw, /data directory is mounted to a storage device pretty early in the boot process – so early that it is only Linux at the time /data gets mounted and Android is still yet to be loaded. The storage device that is traditionally mounted to /data directory is the internal NAND’s userdata partition.
The simple solution I have for unrestricted and reliable internal space is to directly mount the EXT partition of the SD Card to /data during the Linux init process (instead of first mounting the NAND’s userdata, loading Android, and moving the /data mount point or some contents within /data to the EXT partition while Android is loading).
How is this done?
The Easy way - Thanks to @Kokotas (Note that I have not updated Kokotas' .zip file to include the recent changes (20th October 2012) (See The Long Way below)
Visit the post (quoted below), thank @Kokotas, download the .zip from the post, flash it in recovery and lets us know how it goes. Did I tell you to make sure you have a NANDROID backup?
This .zip can be used to install DataOnEXT mod on the fly - your ROM will be the same when you reboot after flashing this .zip, except that /data will be mounted from the EXT partition with all your apps, settings, etc. intact.
kokotas said:
If you have a normal NAND installation(and an ext2/3/4 partition on your card) and want to give ph03n!x's DataOnEXT method a try,
BUT you think it is difficult THEN you can try the attached recovery package.
It follows all the steps of the described process AND at the end it copies all of your /data to the ext2/3/4 partition. <= This means that after rebooting, you'll have your system set up as before but with DataOnEXT!
And if you want to go back to your previous setup (that is a normal NAND installation without DataOnEXT), just flash the original kernel to your device.
Have in mind that I have only tested it on my phone. If you do try it, please leave a comment. Especially MAGLDR users! Cause it is not tested with MAGLDR.
Thank you ph03n!x for a great concept!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
The Long Way (or this is how I started off doing this mod )
The following steps show how to modify a ROM’s boot process to mount the EXT partition as /data.
IMPORTANT: THIS PROCESS INVOLVES USING DISXDA’s KITCHEN in CYGWIN. I EXPECT YOU TO BE ABLE TO SETUP CYGWIN AND USE DSIXDA KITCHEN. EVEN WHILE I AM TRYING TO GIVE A STEP-BY-STEP HERE, I WILL NOT ANSWER QUESTIONS ON HOW TO SETUP AND TROUBLESHOOT DSIXDA’s KITCHEN OR CYGWIN.
Assumption:
For the sake of simplicity, I am going to assume that you have a ROM that is installed in your phone, and you want to modify the same ROM for natively mounting EXT to /data.
I am also going to assume that your HD2 has a SD Card in it, and the SD Card has been partitioned in such a way that the first partition is the FAT partition that Windows sees, and the second partition is a EXT2/3/4 partition. You may or may not have a Swap partition, but I strongly recommend NOT enabling Swap.
Prerequisites:
Take a NANDROID backup using ClockWorkMod
Back up all user apps and system app data using Titanium Backup
Install Cygwin
Install @dsixda’s Kitchen
Install Notepad++ (or any other UNIX compatible text editor)
@dsixda’s Kitchen – Setting up a working folder
While these steps will involve the entire ROM, note that you will only using the boot directory or boot.img for this mod.
You need a rom.zip file that has at least these three directories when you open the .zip – META-INF, system, boot (or boot.img)
If your rom.zip file has a different structure, just extract the three directories alone from it and create a new zip. Essentially, when open the rom.zip you should see only these three directories
An Example:
{
"lightbox_close": "Close",
"lightbox_next": "Next",
"lightbox_previous": "Previous",
"lightbox_error": "The requested content cannot be loaded. Please try again later.",
"lightbox_start_slideshow": "Start slideshow",
"lightbox_stop_slideshow": "Stop slideshow",
"lightbox_full_screen": "Full screen",
"lightbox_thumbnails": "Thumbnails",
"lightbox_download": "Download",
"lightbox_share": "Share",
"lightbox_zoom": "Zoom",
"lightbox_new_window": "New window",
"lightbox_toggle_sidebar": "Toggle sidebar"
}
Place this zip file in the original_update directory under Kitchen. A sample directory structure of the Kitchen is as follows:
From Command Prompt, run cygwin.bat, browse to the directory where you have installed the kitchen and run it using ./menu
Select option 1 for setting up a Working Folder, follow instructions. Congratulation! You should have a working folder now. After the Working Folder is setup, navigate to the WORKING_091712_123456 directory. Make sure you have a directory named boot, or a boot.img here. To be double sure, you can replace the boot directory or boot.img with the one from the ROM you want to modify and flash.
Steps for mounting EXT to /data
Back in the Kitchen Menu, select 0 for Advanced Options
Select 20 for Tools for boot image
Hit z for Extract kernel+ramdisk from NAND boot folder (or w for Extract kernel+ramdisk from boot.img)
Now navigate to the BOOT-EXTRACTED directory that got created under the directory where you installed the kitchen. You will see something similar to this:
Edit init.rc and init.htcleo.rc to find all mentions of sd-ext and comment them out with # in the begining. This step is to ensure there is no directory called sd-ext when your phone boots, avoiding any confusions
In init.rc, look for the on fs part. Under this part there will be a line that reads mount yaffs2 [email protected] /system noatime nodiratime. Below this will be another line that reads mount yaffs2 [email protected] /data nosuid nodev noatime nodiratime. Comment this line out with a # (#mount yaffs2 [email protected] /data nosuid nodev noatime nodiratime). Also, if you have mount yaffs2 [email protected] /system ro remount, comment that out too (make it #mount yaffs2 [email protected] /system ro remount)
Do all the following changes AFTER mount yaffs2 [email protected] /system noatime nodiratime, else the process will fail.
Code:
# Wait to ensure SD Card is available, and scanning file system of EXT
wait /dev/block/mmcblk0p2
wait /dev/block/mmcblk0p2
wait /dev/block/mmcblk0p2
wait /dev/block/mmcblk0p2
exec /system/xbin/busybox sh -c "/system/bin/e2fsck -f -p -t -t -v /dev/block/mmcblk0p2 > /system/fsck.log"
# Native Mount DataOnEXT
mount ext4 /dev/block/mmcblk0p2 /data wait nosuid nodev noatime nodiratime barrier=0 data=writeback
Leave everything else in this section as is - you will have another line to mount cache, do not remove or modify it.
Next, scroll down to the section that reads on boot. Add the following like under it:
Code:
# SD Card Cache
write /sys/devices/virtual/bdi/179:0/read_ahead_kb 2048
Build the NAND boot folder (for Magldr yboot) or boot.img (for cLK / Magldr rboot) as per your requirements
Head back to the Working folder, copy the boot directory or the boot.img and include it in your original ROM’s zip file (not the one you created for the kitchen, in case you had to). Check the init.d directory of the ROM’s zip to ensure there is no script that mounts the EXT partition to sd-ext directory, or has a move2sd/ app2sd/ int2sd script – delete such scripts!. Also make sure that your ROM's inatallation does not copy anything to /data during Installation. If it does, move those parts to /system. Or use the instructions I had given under Note to ROM Makers on ClockWorkMod Updater Script to mount the EXT partition as /data in Recovery.
Format your phone’s /system, /data, / sd-ext and /boot from clockworkmod and flash this modified rom.zip
Let your phone boot into Android and settle down.
Configure your Google Account
Download and install Titanium Backup
In Titanium Backup, restore all apps and their data from the backup you had taken earlier
You phone must now have an internal storage that is roughly equal to the size of your SD Card
Note:
I have tested this method with CM7, CM9, CM10 (ParanoidAndroid JB) and Sense ROMs. There has also been feedback that this is working on other AOSP based ROMs like MIUI.
The mount wait command is available in the init binary from CM7 onwards (not sure if it is there in CM6). If you are not sure (or cannot check the source code for init.c)
Misc & Changelog
Credits
All the Devs who are contributing their valuable time to get Android working on our phones
Proz0r for implementing something very similar to what I had wanted. He has essentially implemented the same thing, I am implementing this in a slightly different way, that's all. (To be clear, I did not borrow the idea even though a few others have had the same brainwave that I thought I got first - I only borrowed the part where we have the phone wait until the sd-ext partition is ready for being mounted)
Rick_1995 for the first hint to get this modification to work
Securecrt for showing that this modification is indeed possible
Xylograph for pointing me to another thread where this modification is already done
marco.palumbi - for showing me that I need not have an elaborate script to ensure /dev/block/mmcblk0p2 is available, and a mount... wait option is available in the CM source for init. Also for doing away with the need for extprep script and including the e2fsck routine complete with a fsck.log in init.rc itself.
kokotas - For the recovery-flashable version of this mod that simplifies migrating to DataOnEXT
Some of the benefits of this mod are:
Space - Obvisiouly. The 1GB/ 2GB/ 4GB sd-ext partition will be mounted as internal memory, instead of the usual /data partition from NAND
Reliability - EXT4 partition is arguably more reliable than YAFFS2
Working around Bad Blocks - Most of our phones would be having a bunch of bad blocks by now (lucky you, Hynix NAND folks!). With this method, the /data partition is mounted directly to the EXT partition in your SD Card, and the internal userdata NAND partition is untouched. This means you can create bigger system partitions to work your way around bad blocks. Incidently all the bad blocks my phone has is in the userdata partition - this might be so because that is the area that is written to the most.
Performance - A fast SD Card gives better transfer speeds than NAND (My ParanoidAndroid build is noticeably faster after this modification, with my Class 6 Transcend SD Card with 4GB sd-ext partition)
Simplicity - Don't have to worry about hoards of the a2sd scripts and their variants, and carry-out trial and error as to which ones work reliably with your ROM of choice. /data is transparently and natively mounted to sd-ext, so no more low-sound or other odd issues
/data/data can be in the sd-ext partition, and ROM updates will not corrupt it like in some a2sd scripts
Hassle-free - Whether an EU HD2 or TMoUS HD2, you set a large size (445 MB?!!) for /system and forget about partitioning, as the internal userdata partition is not used at all and can be of whatever size. I am using 300 MB system in both my phones. This is close to native Android phones, where we do not keep changing the system partition size for every ROM that is installed.
A proper multi-user setup - if you had to share the phone with someone else, all you have to do is swap out the SD Card you usually have in the phone to a fresh one that has the required FAT and EXT partitions. The other user will see a fresh Android install and configure whatever they want. When you get the phone back, all you have to do is put your usual SD Card back in, and voila! you have all your stuff just the way it was (Thanks to @teemoo for the tip!)
Trying a new ROM? Make sure you do not botch up your data! Just remove the SD Card you usually use and place one for testing. You can always mod the initrd.gz of your new ROM, flash the boot image or place the initrd,gz in /boot and replace your usual SD Card when you want all your apps, data and settings!
A Note on Cache
As many may remember (and some have pointed out), I had the initial trial with 8 MB of cache for SD Card interface. Over a period of time, I tried various sizes from 512 KB to 16 MB and found out that the cache size is dependant on the phone AND the SD Card that is in it. This experiment involves:
Setting a cache size in the extprep script
Booting from the boot.img using fastboot boot command
Waiting for my phone to connect to Google servers
Opening Root Explorer and confirming the cache size
Running SD Tools, testing the SD Card Read/ Write speeds thrice in a row
Changing the cache size in extprep script, recreating a boot,img, and starting from fastboot boot...
And here are my test results:
As you can see, the higher the cache, higher the difference between the Minimum and Maximum values for Reads. While this test does not consider ALL aspects (like random reads), this gives a good idea of what is the cache size that is the best for my phone and my SD Card. Note that I have two HD2 with 2 different brand/ class of SD Cards, and bot gave pretty different results. You may have to find the right cache size for your phone! Once you got the right cache, even a Class 2 card (the stock Sandisk 16 GB Class 2 that comes with the TMoUS HD2) performa pretty well - no deal-breaking lags even in games like Temple Run or Ninjump.
Also, you should be worried more about read speeds - that is what the phone does most of the time. Write speeds comes into picture mostly when you are installing something. All writes that happen after that are mostly incremental, and never something a major as what happens when you install an app.
Note to ROM Makers on ClockWorkMod Updater Script
While one of the benefits of this mod is that you can set a huge /system partition and forget trimming down anything, some ROMs mounts /data during CWM install to copy certain apps or parts of /system to the /data partition. For such a setup to work well with this mod, the /data partition should be mounted to the EXT partition in the SD Card. I am not sure if there is a straightforward mount command that can be used in updater-script to mount an MMC partition. Thanks to Looki75's post, I have made the script simpler...
The code in updater-script...
Code:
package_extract_dir("work", "/tmp");
format("MTD", "system");
format("MTD", "boot");
mount("MTD", "system", "/system");
mount("ext4","/dev/block/mmcblk0p2","/data");
ui_print("Copying files to /system");
package_extract_dir("system", "/system");
...
...
ui_print("Copying files to /data");
package_extract_dir("data", "/data");
FAQ
I will try and compile some sensible Questions from this thread in the FAQ Section. I request all to read the first three posts at least before asking any questions.
Q: I have an EXT2/ EXT3 partition. You are mounting it as EXT4. What gives?
A: Mounting as EXT4 is backwards compatible with EXT2/3
Q: Where are the initrd.gz that you had posted earlier?
A: I have moved them to this post
Q: Will you modify the initrd.gz from the <name of ROM>?
A: I took more than 6 Hours on a Sunday Night to re-do the first three posts, and give a step-by-step guide. Do you still want me to modify the initrd.gz for you?!! I might post the initrd.gz of ROMs I use or try from time to time, but please don't post requests for modding <name of your ROM>'s initrd.gz. What is that saying about giving a man a fish vs. teaching how to fish...??!
Q: Is ClockWorkMod or 4EXT or TWRP compatible with this mod?
A: Before I answer, note that almost all Recovery tools available for HD2 will mount the SD Card's EXT partition to the sd-ext directory. After doing this mod, /data (in Android) = /sd-ext (in Recovery)
Any backup that includes the sd-ext partition will backup your /data.
At least CWM based recovery will delete dalvik-cache from NAND's data and /sd-ext. After this mod, /data/dalvik-cache (Android) = sd-ext/dalvik-cache (Recovery), so yes deleting Dalvik Cache works
CWN Recovery's Fix Permissions runs in both internal data and sd-ext, so yes that works too
Q: Will installing <name of script/ mod for ROM>, which involves flashing something in Recovery, work after this mod?
A: If whatever you are flashing is limited to modifications in /system, no problems - it will work.
If what you are flashing involves changing or adding content to any part of /data then it will probably not. The reason is when you mount data in Recovery, you will by default mount the internal NAND. After this method, the internal NAND is untouched. You must either modify the updater-script (See Note to ROM Makers on ClockWorkMod Updater Script), or use QtADB/ ADB shell to do what the flashing is supposed to do.
Q: I am getting stuck at boot animation/ getting "Encryption Unsuccessful" message when Android boots...
A: Your ROM's init binary may not support the mount... wait option that I am using. There are other variants like wait <device>, and then mount <device>, see if you can find what it is from the source code of your ROM's init binary (init.c). If all else fails, you may have to include a copy of busybox in sbin, point all commands in extprep script to that busybox, and increase the sleep time using /sbin/busybox sleep 25 (that is an example). In any case, you DO NOT HAVE TO WIPE DATA or WIPE ANYTHING AS SUGGESTED BY THE INSTRUCTIONS IN "Encryption Unsuccessful" message
Q: Can I move part of /data from EXT partition to NAND?
A: You don't have to move anything - that is the beauty of this mod. If, for example, you want dalvik-cache to be in NAND, all you have to do is create a directory, mount NAND to that directory, and symlink /data/dalvik-cache to that directory. Example: In init.rc, make sure /data/dalvik-cache is NOT getting created (comment that line out with a #)
Code:
mkdir /dalvik 0771 system system
mount yaffs2 [email protected] /dalvik nodev nosuid noatime nodiratime
symlink /dalvik /data/dalvik-cache
Q: How do I improve performance?
SD Card interface by design cannot handle multiple read/ write activities simultaneously. An example: Put the SD Card in a card reader attached to your computer. Copy a ~500MB file to it, see what write speeds your get (Win 7 shows an approx value). Now, while the first file is still being copied, copy another similar sized file - what happens to the write speed? It crawls, right?
When you have DataOnEXT, the SD Card is continuously being read from and written to because all your apps, their data, system data and configuration, etc. resides in the EXT partition. You SHOULD NOT expect the same speeds like a full-NAND setup. That said, there a few things you can do to improve performance:
Get a performance SD Card like SanDisk Ultra® microSDXC™UHS-I card
ODEX your ROM
See the previous question's answer for moving dalvik cache to NAND
Increase the NAND's read ahead cache from 4KB to 128 ot 256KB (in init.htcleo.rc)
Set your IO Scheduler to Deadline (use No frills CPU Control)
Q: My ROM slows to a crawl after installing this mod when I install or remove an app...
A: That is normal behavior, let it be for a min or two and it will get back to the usual speeds. This is because installing or removing an app involves creating the DEX file in the dalvik cache, extracting the components (lib files, config files, etc.) for the app and placing them in appropriate locations in /data and so on. This will slow down the system responsiveness because all of these are in the EXT partition, and the SD Card interface is a serial interface that will slow down with multiple simultaneous read/ write requests. However, doing what I have said for the previous question will improve performance quite a bit
FAQ is still WIP, I will keep adding to this section as and when...
ph03n!x said:
Devs - Would be great if you can help me with a way to reliably mount the ext partition to /data in init.rc!!!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
The problem is with the slow sd cards, Try something of this sort.
Code:
mount ....
while [ $? -ne 0]
do
echo "Waiting for slow sd card!"
sleep 5
mount ....
done
You might have to check a2sd script since I'm not sure what is the success test case for mount, most unix programs return zero so i've based it on that assumption.
Rick_1995 said:
The problem is with the slow sd cards, Try something of this sort.
Code:
mount ....
while [ $? -ne 0]
do
echo "Waiting for slow sd card!"
sleep 5
mount ....
done
You might have to check a2sd script since I'm not sure what is the success test case for mount, most unix programs return zero so i've based it on that assumption.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I tried a sleep command before the part where I mount the ext partition to /data, but that doesn't seem to work. I am still figuring out the script language used in Android's init.rc, including a if loop or a whole loop.
Looks like I have to create a service that calls an external script- at least that is how far I have come with my searching
Swyped from my HTC HD2 using xda premium
ph03n!x said:
Space - Obvisiouly. The 1GB/ 2GB/ 4GB sd-ext partition will be mounted as external memory
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Think you mean internal here, I take it internal space is still used as cache (have an unanswered question in one of Xylo's threads as to why sdcard isn't mounted as cache).
Could you post just the init.rc file to see what modifications have been made?
In terms of loop, while trying to get a squashed system up and running (last squashed rom for HD2 was on gingerbread), the squashed files mounted fine (but couldn't get the system to fully boot, probably a libs issue), the mount command used in init.rc were:
Code:
mount squashfs [email protected]/system/fonts.sfs /system/fonts ro
placed after "on fs".
So modifying for this:
Code:
mount ext4 [email protected]/dev/block/mmcblk0p2 /data rw
, failing that you may need to mount it first as say /mnt/ext then loop.
The issue with the ext mount scripts that I've found (at least with link2sd) is that there is a delay in being granted superuser permissions, using init.rc should overcome that issue.
HypoTurtle said:
Think you mean internal here, I take it internal space is still used as cache (have an unanswered question in one of Xylo's threads as to why sdcard isn't mounted as cache).
Could you post just the init.rc file to see what modifications have been made?
In terms of loop, while trying to get a squashed system up and running (last squashed rom for HD2 was on gingerbread), the squashed files mounted fine (but couldn't get the system to fully boot, probably a libs issue), the mount command used in init.rc were:
Code:
mount squashfs [email protected]/system/fonts.sfs /system/fonts ro
placed after "on fs".
So modifying for this:
Code:
mount ext4 [email protected]/dev/block/mmcblk0p2 /data rw
, failing that you may need to mount it first as say /mnt/ext then loop.
The issue with the ext mount scripts that I've found (at least with link2sd) is that there is a delay in being granted superuser permissions, using init.rc should overcome that issue.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I meant internal indeed - corrected it
SD Card as Cache - Not sure if I checked back on the question, but I do remember the discussion. In most recent ROMs, /cache is a part of /data - this is to make space for large apps from the market that may otherwise be limited to the size of the cache partition. Instead of /data, we can have any other writable partition - SD Card or even SD-EXT - but symlinking it to /data seems hassle free and does not require anything more. Linking to SD Card may mean that the SD Card has to always be in the phone, and it should be mounted soon enough.
I haven't checked the loop part you have given - let me do some reading about it (or you can try it and let us know!). I will driving for the next several hours, will post the init.rc later today/ tomorrow...
HypoTurtle said:
Think you mean internal here, I take it internal space is still used as cache (have an unanswered question in one of Xylo's threads as to why sdcard isn't mounted as cache).
Could you post just the init.rc file to see what modifications have been made?
In terms of loop, while trying to get a squashed system up and running (last squashed rom for HD2 was on gingerbread), the squashed files mounted fine (but couldn't get the system to fully boot, probably a libs issue), the mount command used in init.rc were:
Code:
mount squashfs [email protected]/system/fonts.sfs /system/fonts ro
placed after "on fs".
So modifying for this:
Code:
mount ext4 [email protected]/dev/block/mmcblk0p2 /data rw
, failing that you may need to mount it first as say /mnt/ext then loop.
The issue with the ext mount scripts that I've found (at least with link2sd) is that there is a delay in being granted superuser permissions, using init.rc should overcome that issue.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
ph03n!x said:
I meant internal indeed - corrected it
SD Card as Cache - Not sure if I checked back on the question, but I do remember the discussion. In most recent ROMs, /cache is a part of /data - this is to make space for large apps from the market that may otherwise be limited to the size of the cache partition. Instead of /data, we can have any other writable partition - SD Card or even SD-EXT - but symlinking it to /data seems hassle free and does not require anything more. Linking to SD Card may mean that the SD Card has to always be in the phone, and it should be mounted soon enough.
I haven't checked the loop part you have given - let me do some reading about it (or you can try it and let us know!). I will driving for the next several hours, will post the init.rc later today/ tomorrow...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Alright the mount loop command you mentioned and the looping I was discussing with Rick are different. The mount loop command mounts a file (eg: a .iso image) as a device.
The loop I was looking to create is a logical if... else or a while... do loop that will check if /dev/block/mmcblk0p2 is available, else will halt the boot process until it becomes available. The challenge (for me) its that the scripting language used in init.rc its not like the scripts we create for init.d
I am still doing some reading up...
Swyped from my HTC HD2 using XDA Premium
Will this work??
Starting your own service at boot.
...If you have a reason to add something or just what to try things out however it is relatively straight forward to add a native service to that init sequence. I have created a simple example that writes the time elapsed since it started to the log. It wakes up every three seconds. The code for exampleservice.c looks like:
Code:
#define LOG_TAG "Example Service"
#include < utils/log.h >
#include < unistd.h >
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
LOGI("Service started");
int elapsed = 0;
while(1)
{
sleep(3);
elapsed += 3;
LOGI("Service elapsed time is %d", elapsed);
}
}
Place this somewhere in the platform build system and build as an executable. The build system will place the output in the /system/bin folder on the device. Now all that is needed is to add the following to the init.rc script:
Code:
service exampleservice /system/bin/exampleservice
user exampleservice
group exampleservice
oneshot
and your service will start on init. It is also possible to write your own file using the Android init language that enables your services and variables. Then just add a line to import the file in init.rc and you are done.
Source
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Will this method work to pause the boot process until /dev/block/mmcblk0p2 becomes available? I do not have a dev environment setup - all I have is Cygwin that I use to edit boot.img, port some ROMs to test etc. Can someone help me create such a binary please? Again, I am good at logic and bad at writing/ compiling stuff
Alternatively, can cLK be made to wait until /dev/block/mmcblk0p2 is available? Thoughts?
What is the difference to this methods:
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1716124
Are you sure we need more I/O performance with sequencial r/w? Isn't the task with multitasking sutuations to have more perfomance with random r/w? Sdcards won't give that much improvement then: http://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/microsdhc-memory-card-performance,3011-12.html
ReinerK said:
What is the difference to this methods:
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1716124
Are you sure we need more I/O performance with sequencial r/w? Isn't the task with multitasking sutuations to have more perfomance with random r/w? Sdcards won't give that much improvement then: http://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/microsdhc-memory-card-performance,3011-12.html
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
In the CronMod as well as all A2SD methods, the Linux boot init process will mount /data to the internal NAND partition (userdata). During Android boot, /data or a part of /data is remounted or symlinked to the SD-EXT partition. This method has its own set of issues, both known and unpredictable. Read up the ROM threads with A2SD or similar stuff in HD2 Android NAND forum and HD2 Android General forum and you will know. This is a trial and error method which is a hit or a miss.
What I am trying to achieve is to have the Linux boot init process mount /data directly to the EXT partition in the SD Card, making this transparent to Android. As far as Android is concerned, it will see a /data partition like it sees a NAND /data partition when you do not use any of these scripts. With this method, there is no miss that I have experienced so far in my testing, except not being able to get the SD Card device ready in time for the Linux boot init process to mount it as /data. Once that is fixed, am sure many will see the benefits.
While the benchmark you have linked to gives a comparison of random and sequential transfer rates of Flash Memory from 9 months ago (it does not even have all that many decent class6 cards that are available now), have you find anything on the transfer rates of NAND? While I remember a HD2 user benchmarking NAND transfer rates, I do not remember the exact values but do remember it was not good. From my personal opinion, the same ROM felt faster with this modification - note that after the first boot all the apps (system or user) that you see and use will be loaded from dalvik-cache which is located in /data. All app data and databases are read/ written in the /data partition. Hence the responsiveness of the phone will be directly proportional on how fast the data partition is - in my case it is my class6 SD Card's EXT partition.
There is also the issue with bad block NAND making several flashaholics' phones unusable or unstable. EXT2/3/4 partitions have better data consistency management and also have e2fsck - it would not be without a reason that Google moved to EXT4 NAND format for their recent phones
Even if you have an International HD2 with 512 MB NAND, with this method you can use almost all of that space (except spaces reserved for bootloader, recovery, misc, etc.) for /system partition which will definitely make the phone live a lot longer even with bad blocks, what with recent cLK versions letting you manipulate partition layouts.
I can keep going on the benefits of having EXT partitions and the benefits of this method, but that would beat the purpose of this thread. Let's see if we can get EXT mounted during boot to /data reliably and consistently. Whether anyone wants to use that method is, of course, their choice
By the way, have anyone used the test ROMs? Any feedback?
I think yaffs file system is used by HTC only, other droid phones already using EXT file system on NAND.
Thats why some phones has good I/O benchmark
Even if it was possible to use EXT4 on HTC HD2 nand would be big improvment
ph03n!x said:
...This is a trial and error method which is a hit or a miss.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
That's true. Sine even tytung Roms are bigger than 150MB I used 40a2sdx, and I noticed performance problems and sometimes low sound bug. Well I can live with this, but without of cource would be better
ph03n!x said:
While the benchmark you have linked to gives a comparison of random and sequential transfer rates of Flash Memory from 9 months ago
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I am sorry, I did not found any newer tests in english language. But I think 9 month old test are okay, cause most people use their µSDs several years (my 2009 SanDisk 16GB one just died ).
ph03n!x said:
There is also the issue with bad block NAND making several flashaholics' phones unusable or unstable
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
They should just stop doin' task29 whenever they only wanna flash a rom or change the partition layout.
ph03n!x said:
I can keep going on the benefits of having EXT partitions and the benefits of this method, but that would beat the purpose of this thread. Let's see if we can get EXT mounted during boot to /data reliably and consistently. Whether anyone wants to use that method is, of course, their choice
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I am pleased to hear that you wanna find a way that way. I just don't have an extra phone to test your rom atm.
Anyway, thaks a lot for your explanations!
ph03n!x said:
In the CronMod as well as all A2SD methods, the Linux boot init process will mount /data to the internal NAND partition (userdata). During Android boot, /data or a part of /data is remounted or symlinked to the SD-EXT partition. This method has its own set of issues, both known and unpredictable. Read up the ROM threads with A2SD or similar stuff in HD2 Android NAND forum and HD2 Android General forum and you will know. This is a trial and error method which is a hit or a miss.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Reason I believe it is hit or miss is because during boot init.d scripts in most of the roms runs in parallel. hence while scripts is trying to re-mount/re-link the data partition Android boot-up continues and causes problem. if we pause the android bootup while scripts finishes its job of setting up links correctly I think problem should go away. take a look at this
Code:
# Execute files in /system/etc/init.d before booting
# service sysinit /system/bin/logwrapper /system/xbin/busybox run-parts /system/etc/init.d
# class main
# disabled
# oneshot
if we change that to
Code:
exec /system/bin/sysinit
problem with A2SD scripts should be solved of-course you will have to modify any scripts which sits in infinite loop.
take a look at my latest JB AOSP roms or miui ICS roms.
-----Update----
what if we leave both the method in there
service method to run init.d scripts
and
exec method to pause the boot-up till sd-card is mounted and sd-ext is available.
lets says
make sysinit-1 which will execute the script from init.d1 directory which will have script to check the sd-ext availability
I am close to a solution - looks like a few other devices have already mounted EXT partitions in the SD Card to /system or /data. Here is the command:
Code:
devwait /dev/block/mmcblk0p2
mount ext2 /dev/block/mmcblk0p2 /data nodev nosuid noatime nodiratime
(Check this thread).
But the problem is it is still not mounting. Does this need anything in the kernel/ init? Even the batter-pull technique is not working! The phone is booting as if it is a fresh installation, though I do not see any mounted /data partition
The other option from the same thread is to have
Code:
pause (5);
in init.c and compile is at a binary.
Another bit of information I have come across:
Code:
on emmc-fs
# mount mmc partitions
wait /dev/block/mmcblk0p13
exec /system/bin/e2fsck -p /dev/block/mmcblk0p13
mount ext4 /dev/block/mmcblk0p13 /data nosuid nodev barrier=1 noauto_da_alloc,noinit_itable,nodelalloc
(from here).
With this, the phone is going back to the Encryption Unsuccessful mode.
Pretty sleepy already, gonna call it a day for now - my poor phone has undergone a bunch of boots and reboots for a day
smokin901 said:
Reason I believe it is hit or miss is because during boot init.d scripts in most of the roms runs in parallel. hence while scripts is trying to re-mount/re-link the data partition Android boot-up continues and causes problem. if we pause the android bootup while scripts finishes its job of setting up links correctly I think problem should go away. take a look at this
Code:
# Execute files in /system/etc/init.d before booting
# service sysinit /system/bin/logwrapper /system/xbin/busybox run-parts /system/etc/init.d
# class main
# disabled
# oneshot
if we change that to
Code:
exec /system/bin/sysinit
problem with A2SD scripts should be solved of-course you will have to modify any scripts which sits in infinite loop.
take a look at my latest JB AOSP roms or miui ICS roms.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks, I will check your ROM. I would still like to get /data to sd-ext working before Android boots though I thought I was close today, but unfortunately no!
Looks like there had been some progress to this cause, thanks to @securecrt! Check this post.
Swyped from my HTC HD2 using XDA Premium
ph03n!x said:
Mounting - /dev/block/mmcblk0p2 is not getting mounted to /data at every boot/ reboot reliably. This results is the phone not booting at all (Gingerbread) or giving an Encryption Failed, wipe data prompt (This is a feature of ICS/ JB, if /data is not accessible, the OS will boot with a temporary /data file system to show this error).
I have not been able to find a way to reliably carry out this mount - my best guess is that the SD Card Reader interface is not getting ready in time to be mounted to /data. I do not know how to make the boot process wait until the device is available.
ClockWorkMod/ Other recoveries - As the recovery boot images are still mounting userdata to /data and the ext partition to sd-ext, you will have to access sd-ext to access your data. What this means is that if you are moving ROMs, a direct CWM backup restore won't work unless the new ROM also has this modification
Performance- is only as good or bad as your SD Card. My second HD2 has a class 2 SD Card, and I do not find any performance difference. While this is not bad, the SD Card I am talking about is a decent SanDisk card. If you have something with poor transfer rates, performance will suffer
SD Card cannot be removed from the system while Android is running!!!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
This is, obviously, not compatible with other setups, such as those using some type of ad2sd script (i.e. Amarulls), correct?
CWM Recovery backup should still work since it does backup sd-ext, no?
I need another sd card to play..
Ok, I need some help-
securecrt said:
the trick is:
1. rename the init to init.android
2. create a script named init, mount the system/data in this script, you can add a few sleep time in this to confirm the mount is alreay done and then execut init.android
3. disable the system/data mount in init.rc
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Ever since @securecrt posted this, I have been running in circles. Here is what I have done:
Renamed init to init.android
Commented out in init.rc:
Code:
#mkdir /data 0771 system system
Commented out in init.rc:
Code:
#mount ext4 /dev/block/mmcblk0p2 /data nosuid nodev noatime nodiratime
Created a script named init with
Code:
#!/sbin/busybox sh
export PATH=/sbin
sleep 10
mkdir /dev
mkdir /dev/block
mknod /dev/block/mmcblk0p2 b 179 2
mkdir /data 0771 system system
mount ext4 /dev/block/mmcblk0p2 /data nosuid nodev noatime nodiratime
/init.android
Copied busybox binary to /sbin/busybox
Created the initrd.gz and flashed
The phone is booting to second boot (logo.rle loads), and then reboots.
Like I've said I have very limited Linux/ coding skills. Would be great if someone can nudge me in the right direction!
ny_limited said:
This is, obviously, not compatible with other setups, such as those using some type of ad2sd script (i.e. Amarulls), correct?
CWM Recovery backup should still work since it does backup sd-ext, no?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yes, you need to remove all variants of a2sd/ link2sd scripts.
CWM Recovery will back up SD-EXT as /sd-ext, but Android will load it as /data after this mod. So if you are going to try this mod, you need to titanium backup all you system/ user app+data, install the modified mod or initrd.gz, make sure you have a ext partition, boot to Android and restore the backup from titanium. And the exact same if you are removing the mod (in which case it will be original initrd.gz).
I can sense that I am pretty close to getting this to work reliably, except for being a dunce in Linux/ Scripting. With little help this mod is a go for daily use
ph03n!x said:
Ok, I need some help-Ever since @securecrt posted this, I have been running in circles. Here is what I have done:
Renamed init to init.android
Commented out in init.rc:
Code:
#mkdir /data 0771 system system
Commented out in init.rc:
Code:
#mount ext4 /dev/block/mmcblk0p2 /data nosuid nodev noatime nodiratime
Created a script named init with
Code:
#!/sbin/busybox sh
export PATH=/sbin
sleep 10
mkdir /dev
mkdir /dev/block
mknod /dev/block/mmcblk0p2 b 179 2
mkdir /data 0771 system system
mount ext4 /dev/block/mmcblk0p2 /data nosuid nodev noatime nodiratime
/init.android
Copied busybox binary to /sbin/busybox
Created the initrd.gz and flashed
The phone is booting to second boot (logo.rle loads), and then reboots.
Like I've said I have very limited Linux/ coding skills. Would be great if someone can nudge me in the right direction!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I am sure securecrt will reveal his secret soon, m8.. I wouldn't 'waste' my time on it since he is already running it and knows how to do it
Maybe you can send him a PM if the wait is killing you ?

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